In a current marketplace that requires continual and rapid innovation, a laboratory’s ability to promptly adapt is key to its success. Unlike traditional research design models that tend toward fixed, separate work environments for specialized protocols; current laboratory design methodologies seek to incorporate strategies that support traditional requirements while readily accommodating ever-evolving processes and emerging technologies. Such a strategy is to use a flexible approach; specifically, rethink spatial conventions and utilize modular design principles and components.
When faced with the task of planning a new laboratory or renovating an existing space, a flexible approach will render a more agile and functional work environment.
The Problematic Renovation
Consider, for example, the renovation of an existing commercial laboratory. The facility is divided into multiple, separated laboratory spaces with each representing a distinct business sector. There is the inevitable ebb and flow of needs for workspace, storage, equipment, etc. A few existing laboratories are adequate for current and predictive market needs; however, the majority are either underutilized, overcrowded or just no longer suitable. As with most businesses, loss of productivity is not acceptable; so renovations are problematic.
The solution, an overlooked existing asset or a new resource, is the pilot plant(s). Typically used for small run production, these large rooms are inherently flexible with access and utilities suitable for a variety of conditions. Research can be readily installed in the pilot plant(s) as a specialty lab without disrupting main laboratory functions; or, in the case of an extensive renovation project, as a phased, temporary relocation of a laboratory for the duration of construction activity.
There are several design elements to consider when adding new or utilizing the existing pilot plant(s):
- The optimal location is on the first level with access to the exterior at grade
- Size and volume of space is a variable, but the minimum floor area includes at least one structural bay
- The room enclosure is best structurally isolated (including the floor slab) and may include soundproofing in the walls and roof/ceiling
- Bracing and structural support is required for probable furnishings and equipment (i.e.: thickened floor slab for heavy equipment, bracing in the wall for lab furnishings and equipment mounting, bracing in the ceiling/roof structure for equipment hanging apparatus)
- Flexible/adaptable utility service, distribution, and access is needed throughout the space
- Class 1, Division 1 standards are recommended
- Finishes are cleanroom adaptable and easy to clean
- Off-site storage is needed for casework and equipment not in use
The Only Constant is Change, Plan for it
In a case of planning for a new laboratory, consider the design for a personal care product research group. The company is a small startup that has significant projected growth to occur over the next decade. And, given the nature of the personal care industry, there is a constant demand for new and improved product. A flexible approach is required two-fold; first in devising a master plan that charts phased facility additions and renovations required for systematic company expansion and second, in designing a facility that supports perpetual changes in research and subsequent laboratory use.
The master plan, a guide to developing the project for identified current and future needs, begins with overall site and building design considerations including gross building area and volume, optimal site utilization, existing terrain and soil conditions, utility connections and site access, and building placement in regards to sun orientation, views, visibility and access. Next, the overall phasing of the design solution is required with a focus on efficiencies in site utilization and flexibility in utility infrastructure and site access.
The design solution is initiated with the first phase of needs and follows through with the master-planned expansion/ renovations. Using modular design principles to standardize structural systems, building envelope, and utility placement; construction is accomplished in an efficient and cost-effective manner. And, with the inherent flexibility found in modular design (i.e.: repetition, regularity, and integration), future expansions or modifications are similarly manageable.
Identified needs for this project include a program of a general laboratory with shared resources and storage adjacent, a small office and conferencing administrative area, toilets, utility space, and a break area. Future requirements at full expansion include an enlargement of the general laboratory and associated resources, two pilot plants, more administrative space with training area, a small cafeteria, and expansion of toilets and utilities.
The first phase of construction comprises the general laboratory located in plan adjacent to shared specialty labs, services, and storage with access via utility corridor. An additional bay of unfinished shell space is included opposite for future general laboratory expansion. Administrative and break areas are located at each end of the general laboratory and are expandable, in like, when the future general laboratory is installed. Modular components including laboratory casework, office furnishings, and utility distribution systems are implemented to maximize flexibility and varied use of the laboratories and administrative areas. A full facility expansion, expected within ten years, will occur without disruption to the phase one facility and will be situated as a mirror image connected via a new atrium, cafeteria and training suite.
By applying a flexible approach, the project’s current needs are met, short-term goals are readily obtainable when additional laboratory space is needed, and long-term goals are in place to complete the entire expansion when funds are available.
Flexibility + Agility
Since ideas can only be realized at a pace dependent upon access to available resources and technologies, agility and flexibility are invariably linked. Implementing a flexible approach to laboratory planning and design is a sound strategy for success in an ever-changing and competitive marketplace.