Yale University researchers recently analyzed the genomes of more than 1 million people to uncover the potential underlying biology of cannabis use disorder. In addition, the analysis also discovered potential links to psychiatric disorders, abuse of other substances such as tobacco, and a potential elevated risk of lung cancer development.
Using the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs’ Million Veteran Program, one of the largest genetic databases in the world, along with additional genetic information from many other genomic databases, researchers identified dozens of genetic variants they believe could be linked to cannabis use disorder and several additional behavioral or health issues.
“Once we understand the biology of cannabis use disorder, we can better understand associated disorders and inform the public of risks associated with marijuana use,” said Daniel Levey - assistant professor of psychiatry. Research has shown that nearly one-third of people who use marijuana develop cannabis use disorder. The research, published in Nature Genetics, offers insight into the genetic factors that underlie cannabis use disorder.
In the study, researchers discovered that genetic variants of three types of receptors on neurons were associated with elevated risk for developing cannabis use disorder. These variants were also linked to the development of lung cancer. Despite these findings, more research will be needed to differentiate the effects of tobacco use or other environmental factors of cancer formation from those of marijuana use.
“This is the largest genome-wide study of cannabis use disorder ever conducted and as more states legalize or decriminalize the use of marijuana, such studies can help us to understand the public health risks that accompany its increased use,” said Joel Gelernter, professor of genetics, neuroscience, and Psychiatry.