Credit: Jose Bolaños-Cardet et al.
University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) and Catalan Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2) researchers have developed a novel coating that can be used to combat the spread of pathogens, infections, and antimicrobial resistance in healthcare products. Antimicrobial resistance is projected by the WHO and UN to outpace cancer as the world's leading cause of death by 2050.
With the rise of antimicrobial resistance, increased interest has been put into developing a coating for fabrics used in patient care. As a potential solution, researchers from UAB and ICN2 have developed a family of biocompatible coatings produced by the co-polymerization between catechol derivatives and amino-terminal ligands.
In the study, published in Chemical Engineering Journal, researchers took inspiration from the substances secreted by mussels to adhere to rocks to develop their novel coating based on their ability to chemically evolve to favor the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, the methodology results in the formation of excess superficial free amino groups that disrupt pathogen membranes.
"One of the main components found in the coatings (catechol and polyphenol derivatives) is found in the strands secreted by mussels, which are responsible for their adhesion to rocks under extreme conditions, under saline water," said UAB professor Victor Yuste and ICN2 researcher Salvio Suárez. "The fact that the coatings we have developed are inspired by this organism allows them to adhere to practically any type of surface and, in addition, are highly resistant to different environmental conditions such as humidity or the presence of fluids.”
"In addition, natural compounds help to obtain more biodegradable, biocompatible materials with lower antimicrobial resistance compared to other bactericidal systems that end up generating resistance and, therefore, rapidly lose effectiveness."
During analysis, the material was found to be effective against a broad array of microbial species and fungi. Additionally, the researchers demonstrated the ability for efficient application in wet environments such as those found in healthcare environments. The materials showed a sustained generation of ROS and electrostatic interactions with protic amino groups. The result was a rapid and efficient response against pathogens by causing irreparable damage to the microorganisms.
The material developed represents a viable alternative to commonly used antimicrobial materials that offer adaptability to a wide range of applications.