| Description | Inquire | B669951 Component 50T Storage B669951A Buffer ATL 15 mL RT B669951B Buffer AL 15 mL RT B669951C Buffer AW1 (concentrate) 13 mL RT B669951D Buffer AW2 (concentrate) 15 mL RT B669951E Buffer EB 15 mL RT B669951F Proteinase K 1.25 mL RT B669951G Spin Columns DM with Collection Tubes 50 sets B669951 Component 50T Storage B669951A Buffer ATL 15 mL RT B669951B Buffer AL 15 mL RT B669951C Buffer AW1 (concentrate) 13 mL RT B669951D Buffer AW2 (concentrate) 15 mL RT B669951E Buffer EB 15 mL RT B669951F Proteinase K 1.25 mL RT B669951G Spin Columns DM with Collection Tubes 50 sets RTProductsThis kit is suitable for extracting high purity total DNA from Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. 106-108 cells can be processed at a time, and up to 20 µg of total DNA can be obtained within one hour without the need for toxic solvents such as phenol or chloroform, and without the need for ethanol precipitation. The optimized buffer system enables the DNA in the lysate to be efficiently and specifically bound to the silica matrix centrifugal adsorption column, while other contaminants can flow through the membrane, and the inhibitors of PCR and other enzymatic reactions can be effectively removed through a two-step washing step, and finally washed off with low-salt buffer or water, so that high-purity DNA can be obtained.The purified DNA can be used for downstream experiments such as digestion, PCR, Real-Time PCR, library construction, Southern Blot and molecular labeling, molecular labeling and other downstream experiments. Self-contained reagents: anhydrous ethanol; Enzymatic Lysis Buffer is required for extraction of Gram-positive bacteria.Enzymatic Lysis Buffer was prepared by 20 mM Tris, pH 8.0; 2 mM Na2-EDTA, pH 8.0; and 1.2% Triton X-100. 121°C sterilization for 20 minutes, and the appropriate amount of Lysozyme was added at a final concentration of 20 mg/ml. Pre-experiment Preparation and Important Notes1. Add 1.25ml Proteinase K Storage Buffer to Proteinase K to dissolve it and store it at -20℃. Do not leave the prepared Proteinase K at room temperature for a long time, and avoid repeated freezing and thawing to avoid affecting its activity.2. Repeated freezing and thawing of the sample should be avoided, as this may result in smaller DNA fragments and a decrease in the amount of extracted DNA.3. If extracting genomes from bacterial cultures with high accumulation of secondary metabolites or thick cell walls, it is recommended that samples be collected early in the logarithmic phase.4. Anhydrous ethanol should be added to Buffer GW1 and Buffer GW2 according to the instructions on the label of the reagent bottle before first use.5. Before use, please check Buffer GTL and Buffer GL for crystallization or precipitation. If crystallization or precipitation occurs, please re-dissolve Buffer GL and Buffer GTL in a 56℃ water bath.6. If the downstream experiments are sensitive to RNA contamination, 4µl of DNase-Free RNase A (100mg/ml) can be added before adding Buffer GL. RNase A is not provided in this kit.If the extracted samples are Gram-positive bacteria, customers need to prepare their own Enzymatic Lysis Buffer to treat the bacteria, which requires the use of Lysozyme (lysozyme) at a concentration of 20 mg/ml, which is not provided in this kit.Procedurei Extraction of genomic DNA from Gram-negative bacteria1. Take 1-5 ml of bacterial culture (106-108 cells, maximum 2×109 cells) and put it into a centrifuge tube (provided), centrifuge it at 12,000 rpm (~13,400×g) for 1 minute, and aspirate the supernatant as much as possible.2. Add 180 µl Buffer GTL to the precipitate and shake to resuspend the bacteria.3. Add 20 µl of Proteinase K, vortex and mix well, incubate at 56°C until the solution becomes clear, and invert or shake the centrifuge tube at intervals during the incubation to disperse the sample.Note: If RNA removal is required, add 4 µl of RNase A solution at a concentration of 100 mg/ml after the above steps are completed, shake to mix, and leave for 5-10 minutes at room temperature.4. Add 200µl Buffer GL and mix well with vortexing and shaking. Add 200µl of anhydrous ethanol and mix well with vortexing and shaking.Centrifuge briefly so that the solution on the walls of the tube collects at the bottom.Note: 1) If multiple samples are manipulated together, Buffer GL and anhydrous ethanol can be mixed in equal proportions and then added together, shaking to mix.2) The addition of Buffer GL and anhydrous ethanol may produce a white precipitate that will not affect subsequent experiments.5. Add all of the solution obtained in step 4 (including the precipitate formed) to the Spin Columns DM in the collection tube, or if the solution cannot be added all at once, transfer it several times. centrifuge at 12,000 rpm for 1 minute, discard the waste solution, and return the column to the collection tube.6. Add 500 µl of Buffer GW1 to the adsorption column (check that anhydrous ethanol has been added before use), centrifuge at 12,000 rpm for 1 minute, pour off the waste liquid in the collection tube, and return the adsorption column to the collection tube.7. Add 500 µl of Buffer GW2 to the adsorption column (check that anhydrous ethanol has been added before use), centrifuge at 12,000 rpm for 1 minute, pour off the waste liquid in the collection tube, and put the adsorption column back into the collection tube.Note: Step 7 can be repeated if further DNA purity is required.8. Centrifuge at 12,000 rpm for 2 minutes and pour off the waste liquid in the collection tube. Leave the adsorbent column at room temperature for several minutes to dry thoroughly. Note: The purpose of this step is to remove residual ethanol from the adsorbent column; ethanol residue can interfere with subsequent enzymatic reactions (digestion, PCR, etc.).9. Place the adsorption column in a new centrifuge tube, add 50-200 µl Buffer GE to the middle part of the adsorption column overhanging the center of the adsorption column, leave it at room temperature for 2-5 minutes, centrifuge it at 12,000 rpm for 1 minute, collect the DNA solution, and store the DNA at -20 ℃. note: 1) If the downstream experiments are sensitive to the pH or EDTA, the elution can be done with sterilized water. The pH of the elution solution has a great influence on the elution efficiency. If water is used as the elution solution it should be ensured that its pH is 7.0-8.5 (the pH of water can be adjusted to this range with NaOH), and the elution efficiency is not high when the pH is lower than 7.0.2) Incubation at room temperature for 5 minutes prior to centrifugation increases yield.3) Re-elution with an additional 50-200 µl Buffer GE or sterilized water can increase the yield.4) If the final concentration of DNA is to be increased, the DNA eluate obtained in step 9 can be re-spiked onto the adsorbent membrane and step 9 repeated; if the elution volume is less than 200 µl, the final concentration of DNA can be increased, but the total yield may be reduced. If the amount of DNA is less than 1 µg, elution with 50 µl Buffer GE or sterilized water is recommended.(5) DNA stored in water will be affected by acidic hydrolysis. For long-term storage, it is recommended to elute with Buffer GE and store at -20℃.i. Extraction of genomic DNA from Gram-positive bacteria1. Take 1-5 ml of bacterial culture (106-108 cells, maximum 2×109 cells) and put it into a centrifuge tube (provided), centrifuge it at 12,000 rpm (~13,400×g) for 1 minute, and aspirate the supernatant as much as possible.2. Add 180µl Enzymatic Lysis Buffer (self-provided) to resuspend the bacteria.Enzymatic Lysis Buffer is prepared as described in the Self-Prepared Reagents section in the front of the manual.3. Incubate at 37°C for 30 minutes.4. Add 20µl Proteinase K and mix well. Add 200µl of Buffer GL and mix well with vortexing and shaking.Note: Do not add Proteinase K directly to Buffer GL.Incubate at 5.56°C for 30 minutes.Note: 1) If desired, incubation at 95°C for 15 minutes will inactivate the pathogen, but 95°C incubation will cause some DNA degradation.(2) If RNA removal is required, add 4µl of RNase A solution at a concentration of 100mg/ml after the above steps are completed, shake and mix well, and leave for 5-10 minutes at room temperature.6. Add 200µl of anhydrous ethanol and mix well with vortex shaking.Note: The addition of anhydrous ethanol may produce a white precipitate that will not affect subsequent experiments.7. Add all of the solution obtained in step 6 (including the precipitate formed) to the Spin Columns DM that have been loaded into the collection tube, and if the solution cannot be added all at once, it can be transferred in several times. centrifuge at 12,000 rpm for 1 minute, pour off the waste liquid from the collection tube, and put the column back into the collection tube.8. Add 500 µl of Buffer GW1 to the adsorption column (check that anhydrous ethanol has been added before use), centrifuge at 12,000 rpm for 1 minute, pour off the waste liquid in the collection tube, and put the adsorption column back into the collection tube.9. Add 500 µl Buffer GW2 to the adsorption column (check that anhydrous ethanol has been added before use), centrifuge the column at 12,000 rpm for 1 minute, pour off the waste liquid in the collection tube, and put the column back into the collection tube.Note: Step 9 can be repeated if further DNA purity is required.10. Centrifuge at 12,000 rpm for 2 minutes and pour off the waste liquid in the collection tube. Leave the adsorption column at room temperature for several minutes to dry thoroughly.Note: The purpose of this step is to remove residual ethanol from the adsorption column; ethanol residue can interfere with subsequent enzymatic reactions (digestion, PCR, etc.).11. Place the adsorption column in a new centrifuge tube (self-provided), add 50-200 µl of Buffer GE to the center of the adsorption column overhanging the center of the adsorption column, let it stand at room temperature for 2-5 minutes, centrifuge at 12,000 rpm for 1 minute, collect the DNA solution, and store the DNA at -20℃.Note: 1) If the downstream experiment is sensitive to pH or EDTA, you can use sterilized water for elution. The pH of the eluent has a great influence on the elution efficiency, if water is used as the eluent should ensure that its pH is 7.0-8.5 (you can use NaOH to adjust the pH of the water to this range), and the elution efficiency is not high when the pH is lower than 7.0.2) Incubation at room temperature for 5 minutes prior to centrifugation increases yield.3) Re-elution with an additional 50-200 µl Buffer GE or sterilized water can increase the yield.4) If the final concentration of DNA is to be increased, the DNA eluate obtained in step 11 can be re-spiked onto the adsorbent membrane and step 11 repeated; if the elution volume is less than 200 µl, the final concentration of DNA can be increased, but the total yield may be reduced. If the amount of DNA is less than 1 µg, elution with 50 µl Buffer GE or sterilized water is recommended.(5) DNA stored in water will be affected by acidic hydrolysis. For long-term storage, it is recommended to elute with Buffer GE and store at -20℃... Read More | Calcein AM /PI Double Staining Kitis utilized for simultaneous fluorescence staining of viable and dead cells. This kit contains Calcein-AM and Propidium Iodide (PI) solutions, which stains viable and dead cells, respectively(Fig. 1). Calcein-AM, an acetoxymethyl ester of calcein, is highly Calcein AM /PI Double Staining Kitis utilized for simultaneous fluorescence staining of viable and dead cells. This kit contains Calcein-AM and Propidium Iodide (PI) solutions, which stains viable and dead cells, respectively(Fig. 1). Calcein-AM, an acetoxymethyl ester of calcein, is highly lipophilic and cell membrane permeable. Though Calcein-AM itself is not a fluorescent molecule, the calcein generated from Calcein-AM by esterase in a viable cell emits a strong green fluorescence (excitationat 490 nm, emission at515 nm). Therefore, Calcein-AM only stains viable cells. On the other hand, PI, a nuclei staining dye, cannot pass through a viable cell membrane. It reaches the nucleus by passing through disordered areas of dead cell membrane, and intercalates with the DNA double helix of the cell to emit red fluorescence (excitation: 535 nm,emmision: 617 nm). Since both calcein and PI-DNA can be excited with 490 nm, simultaneous monitoring of viable and dead cells is possible with a fluorescence microscope. With 545 nm excitation, only dead cells can be observed (Fig. 1). Since optimal staining conditions differ from cell line to cell line, we recommend that a suitable concentration of PI and Calcein-AM be individually determined. Please note that PI is suspected to be highly carcinogenic;careful handling is required.Required Equipment and Materials:Microscope with 490 nm excitation filter and 530 nm emission filter；CO2incubator；10 µl and 200 µl adjustable pipettes, PBSSolution A (Calcein-AM)；Solution B (PI) Storage Condition: -20oC ；Shipping Condition: blue ice.Application:Assay Procedure1)Add 2.5 µl Solution A and 12.5 µl Solution B to 5 ml PBS to prepare assay solution.*2)Wash the cell with PBS several times to remove residual esterase activity.3)Add 100uLof assay solution to200uL105~106CELLSsolution and incubate the mixture at 37oC for 15 min.4)Detect fluorescence using a fluorescence mircoscope with 490 nm excitationfor simultaneous monitoring of viable and dead cells.With 545 nm excitation, only dead cells can be observed.*The following steps may be necessary tooptimizethe suitable concentration of each reagent:1)Prepare dead cells by 10 min incubation in 0.1% saponin or 0.1-0.5% digitonin or by 30 min incubation in 70% ethanol.2)Stain dead cells with 0.1-10 µM PI solution to find a PI concentration that stains the nucleus only, not the cytosol.3)Stain dead cells with 0.1-10 µM Calcein-AM solution to find a Calcein-AM concentration that does not stain the cytosol. Then stainviable cells with that Calcein-AM solution to check whether the viable cell can be stained... Read More | The content of this cell is too long for an XLSX file (more than 32767 characters). Please use the CSV format for this export | In the experimental process of molecular biology, Fluo ™ Green ® The dsDNA quantification kit is a product used for fluorescence detection and quantification of double stranded DNAThe method is very sensitive. Commonly used in molecular biology techniques: construction of cDNA libraries; In the experimental process of molecular biology, Fluo ™ Green ® The dsDNA quantification kit is a product used for fluorescence detection and quantification of double stranded DNAThe method is very sensitive. Commonly used in molecular biology techniques: construction of cDNA libraries; Purification and application of DNA fragments for subcloning, such as DNA quantification, product amplification, and further detection of primers. Vaccines are a commonly used control method in modern disease prevention. Nowadays, many vaccines are cell culture vaccines, such as recombinant hepatitis B vaccine, rabies vaccine and most other vaccines are produced by cell culture. Among them, the purification of vaccines is a key issue, and we need to remove host cell DNA and host proteins as much as possible. If the DNA and protein of the host cell are injected into the human body together with the vaccine, unpredictable consequences will occur.The conventional method for detecting DNA content is to measure its absorbance at 260nm (A260). The main disadvantage of this method is that nucleotides, single stranded nucleic acids, and proteins have a significant impact on the signal, and are also subject to interference from pollutants during the nucleic acid preparation process, making it difficult to distinguish between DNA and RNA. Additionally, this method is insensitive (5 µ g/mL dsDNA solution A260=0.1). Fluo ™ The Green quantitative detection method is simple and convenient, and has been selected by multiple biological product factories, becoming the standard for residual DNA detection in biological products.At present, this method has been included in the 2010 edition of the Chinese PharmacopoeiaPrinciple:Fluo ™ Green emits fluorescence only after binding to double stranded DNA, and does not emit fluorescence without DNA; The fluorescence emitted is directly proportional to the concentration of DNA. In the 2010 Chinese Pharmacopoeia, it was proposed that, Fluo ™ The detection limit of Green's quantitative DNA method is about 0.3ng/ml, and the linearity is good (R2>0.99) when the DNA content is in the range of 1.25-80ng/mLAdvantage:1) This method can determine double stranded DNA from any expressed host sample.2) It is possible to directly quantify PCR amplification products without purifying DNA from the reaction mixture.3) Far exceeding the sensitivity of traditional UV A260 detection methods and Hoechst33258.4) Higher concentrations of salt, urea, ethanol, chloroform, detergents, proteins, or agarose have no effect on the measurement.5) The effect of measuring dsDNA in the presence of equimolar concentrations of ssDNA and RNA is minimal.Required equipment• Micro fluorescence meter; Portable fluorescence analyzer - Shanghai Huguo Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd. HG-9 model; 1cm quartz colorimetric dish• Fluo ™ Green dsDNA quantitative detection kit, 1mL of concentrated reagent solution is sufficient for 200 measurements of 2mL volume.1×TE（10mM Tris 1mM EDTA）pH8.0； 250ug/mL calf thymus DNAExperimental planPreparation of reagentsFluo ™ The Green dsDNA quantification reagent is stored in anhydrous DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) in the form of 1mL concentrated solution. On the day of the experiment, prepare2X Fluo ™ The operating solution of Green's reagent was diluted with 1xTE at a ratio of 1:200 in concentrated solution (10mM Tris HCl,1mM EDTA, pH 7.5). If you want to prepare enough operating solution to determine 20 samples, you can add 100 µ L Fluo to 20mL1x TE ™ Green dsDNA quantification reagent. Due to the easy adsorption of reagents onto glass surfaces, they need to be prepared in plastic containers. Fluo ™ Green reagent is easily degraded by light, so the prepared solution should be wrapped in foil or stored in a dark place away from light.It is best to use the solution within a few hours of preparation to ensure optimal results.Experimental method:1). Preparation of standard working fluid:1mg of calf thymidine DNA dry powder (Tris, NaCl, and other concentrations have become standard systems) is added to 1mL of double distilled water to prepare a 1mg/mL standard working solution;2). Configuration of dye working fluid:6 uL Fluo ™ Add 1mL of TE to Green (note: use 1 × TE to mix Fluo) ™ Dilute Green 200 times, use and prepare immediately, avoid light.3). Dilution of standard working fluid:(1) Mother liquor dilution: Take 10ul (1mg ⁄ mL) of standard working solution and add it to 990ul TE solution to dilute the concentration to 10ug ⁄ mL. Take 10ul (10ug ⁄ mL) of standard working solution and add it to 990ul TE solution to dilute the concentration to 100ng ⁄ mL;(2) Dilute by multiple ratio: Take 800ul (100ng ⁄ mL) of standard working solution and add it to 200ul of TE solution to achieve a concentration of 80ng ⁄ mL (pharmacopoeia regulation: fluorescent)The light staining method shows good linearity in the range of 1.25-80 ng/mL for DNA content, with a detection limit of 0.3 ng/mL. Take 500ul (80ng ⁄ mL) of standard working solution and add it to 500ul TE solution, diluting the concentration to 40ng ⁄ mL; Dilute sequentially by multiple ratios to prepare 20ng/ml 10ng/ml 5.0ng/ml 2.5ng/ml1.25ng/ml and 0.625ng/ml standard solution;4). Preparation of standard curve: Take 100ul of each gradient standard solution and dye working solution diluted by multiple ratios, mix well, and leave them at room temperature in the dark for 5 minutes. Use FB-15 portable fluorescence analyzer to detect the fluorescence value of the sample: Add the mixed solution to the microcalorimeter, make sure not to introduce bubbles into the sample, and gently tap the outside of the microcalorimeter to disperse the bubbles. Measure the fluorescence values of the sample and blank control using 1 × TE buffer as a blank; Corresponding to the concentration of standard solution (ng/ml)Perform linear regression on fluorescence intensity and prepare a standard curve.5). Measure the fluorescence value of the remaining samples. The fluorescence meter will provide a direct concentration reading, which can be used to generate a standard curve of DNA concentration. Final concentration of DNA to be tested Fluorescence reading value (ng/ml) / 100 6210 50 3195 40 2507 20 1261 10 620.8 5 298 4 258.8 2 152 0.5 43.8 0 0.72... Read More |