| Description | Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) in plasma is the main carrier of endogenous cholesterol. It is degraded and metabolized by binding to the LDL receptor (LDL-R) on cell membranes and serves as the primary vehicle for transporting cholesterol to peripheral tissues. However, when LDL, especially oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) in plasma is the main carrier of endogenous cholesterol. It is degraded and metabolized by binding to the LDL receptor (LDL-R) on cell membranes and serves as the primary vehicle for transporting cholesterol to peripheral tissues. However, when LDL, especially oxidized LDL (OX-LDL), is present in excess, the cholesterol it carries accumulates in the arterial walls, increasing the risk of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is the pathological basis and risk factor for the majority of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Detection Principle: In a cholesterol assay system containing cholesterol esterase (CHER) and cholesterol oxidase (CHOD), specific surfactants are added to selectively solubilize LDL-C for the determination of LDL-cholesterol. Other lipoproteins (HDL, VLDL, chylomicrons) do not react due to inhibition by the surfactants and sugar compounds, remaining in the form of lipoproteins in the reaction mixture. Based on this principle, LDL-cholesterol can be measured directly. Subsequently, esterase catalyzes the hydrolysis of cholesterol esters to generate Free Cholesterol (FC). FC is oxidized by cholesterol oxidase to produce 4-cholestenone and hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide then reacts with 4-aminoantipyrine and other components to produce a red quinoneimine compound, which has a characteristic absorption peak at 546 nm. The LDL-C content is determined by measuring the absorbance at 546 nm.Component96TStorageReagent 118 mL2-8℃. Store in the dark.Reagent 26 mL2-8℃. Store in the dark.Standard1EA2-8℃. Store in the dark.Standard (Powder, 1 vial) Preparation:1. Before use, centrifuge at 8000 g, 4°C for 2 minutes to collect the powder at the bottom of the tube.2. Add 0.1 mL of distilled water to dissolve. Use within one week. The prepared concentration is as indicated on the label.User-Prepared Instruments and Reagents:Mortar (Homogenizer), balance, ice box (ice maker), benchtop centrifuge, adjustable micropipettes, water bath (oven, incubator, metal bath), 96-well plate, centrifuge tubes, microplate reader, distilled water (deionized water or ultrapure water are acceptable), ethanol.Experimental ProcedureIt is recommended to first perform a preliminary test using 1-3 samples with expected significant differences (e.g., different types or groups) to familiarize yourself with the procedure and to determine or adjust sample concentrations based on the preliminary results, preventing unnecessary waste of samples or reagents.1. Sample Extraction1.1 Tissue SamplesWeigh approximately 0.1 g of tissue sample and place it in a mortar. Add 1 mL of ethanol and homogenize in an ice bath. Centrifuge at 12,000 rpm, 4°C or room temperature for 10 minutes. Collect the supernatant for assay.Note: If increasing the sample amount, maintain a tissue mass (g) to ethanol volume (mL) ratio between 1:5 and 1:10.1.2 Liquid SamplesAssay clear liquid samples directly. If turbid, centrifuge and use the supernatant for assay.1.3 Bacterial/Cell SamplesCollect bacteria or cells into a centrifuge tube, centrifuge, and discard the supernatant. Add 1 mL of ethanol per approximately 5 million bacteria/cells. Disrupt the bacteria or cells by sonication in an ice bath (power 200W, pulse 3s on, 10s off, repeat 30 times). Centrifuge at 12,000 rpm, 4°C for 10 minutes. Collect the supernatant and keep it on ice for assay.*Note: If increasing the sample amount, maintain a bacteria/cell count (10⁴) to ethanol volume (mL) ratio between 500:1 and 1000:1.*2. Assay Steps2.1 Preheat the microplate reader for 30 minutes (or wait for the instrument to complete its self-check). Set the wavelength to 546 nm.2.2 Thaw all reagents to room temperature (25°C). Add reagents sequentially to a 96-well plate as follows:Reagent (µL)Test TubeStandard Tube (once)Blank Tube (once)Sample2.5Standard2.5Distilled Water2.5Reagent 1180180180Mix well and incubate at 37°C for 5 minutes. Read the absorbance at 546 nm for each tube (A1 ).Reagent 2606060Mix well and incubate at 37°C for 10 minutes. Read the absorbance at 546 nm for each tube (A2 ). Calculate ΔA = A2 - A1 for each tube.Note:(1) If the A2 value for the Test Tube is greater than 1, dilute the sample with ethanol. The dilution factor (D) must be substituted into the calculation formula.(2) If ΔA for the Test Tube is lower than ΔA for the Blank Tube, consider increasing the sample volume V1 (e.g., increase the sample volume in the Test Tube and the water volume in the Blank Tube to 5 µL or more, keeping Reagents 1 and 2 volumes unchanged; for the Standard Tube, keep at 2.5 µL and add 2.5 µL distilled water to make up volume) or increasing the sample weight W (e.g., to 0.2 g or more). The changed V1 or W must then be substituted into the calculation formula.3. Calculation of Results3.1 Based on Sample MassDerived Formula:LDL-C (µmol/g weight) = (CStandard × V2 ) × (ΔATest - ΔABlank ) ÷ (ΔAStandard - ΔABlank ) ÷ (W × V1 ÷ V) × DSimplified Formula:LDL-C (µmol/g weight) = CStandard × (ΔATest - ΔABlank ) ÷ (ΔAStandard - ΔABlank ) ÷ W × D3.2 Based on Protein ContentDerived Formula:LDL-C (µmol/mg prot) = (CStandard × V2 ) × (ΔATest - ΔABlank ) ÷ (ΔAStandard - ΔABlank ) ÷ (Cpr × V1 ÷ V) × DSimplified Formula:LDL-C (µmol/mg prot) = CStandard × (ΔATest - ΔABlank ) ÷ (ΔAStandard - ΔABlank ) ÷ Cpr × D3.3 LDL-C Content in LiquidsDerived Formula:LDL-C (mmol/L) = (CStandard × V2 ) × (ΔATest - ΔABlank ) ÷ (ΔAStandard - ΔABlank ) ÷ V1 × DSimplified Formula:LDL-C (mmol/L) = CStandard × (ΔATest - ΔABlank ) ÷ (ΔAStandard - ΔABlank ) × D3.4 Based on Cell CountDerived Formula:LDL-C (nmol/10⁴ cells) = (CStandard × V2 ) × 10³ × (ΔATest - ΔABlank ) ÷ (ΔAStandard - ΔABlank ) ÷ (500 × V1 ÷ V) × DSimplified Formula:LDL-C (nmol/10⁴ cells) = 2 × CStandard × (ΔATest - ΔABlank ) ÷ (ΔAStandard - ΔABlank ) × DParameter Definitions:CStandard : Concentration as indicated on the label (mmol/L or µmol/mL)V1 : Volume of sample added (0.0025 mL)V: Volume of extraction buffer (ethanol) added (1 mL)V2 : Volume of standard added (0.0025 mL)D: Dilution factor (1 if not diluted)500: Number of cells (in units of 10⁴)W: Sample weight (g)Cpr: Protein concentration of the supernatant (mg/mL); Aladdin's BCA Protein Quantification Kit (B665595) or Ready-to-Use BCA Protein Quantification Kit (R1491648) is recommended.Precautions1. It is recommended to first perform a preliminary test using 1-3 samples with expected significant differences (e.g., different types or groups) to familiarize yourself with the procedure. Based on the preliminary results, determine or adjust sample concentrations to prevent unnecessary waste of samples or reagents.2. This product is for research use only. Not for use in clinical diagnosis. For your safety and health, please wear a lab coat and disposable gloves during operation... Read More | Products contentProducts IntroductionThis product uses the principle that the difference between the concentration of salt ions inside and outside the cell can cause the cell membrane to burst to lyses the cell and releases the genomic DNA, without the need of extracting and purifying the genomic Products contentProducts IntroductionThis product uses the principle that the difference between the concentration of salt ions inside and outside the cell can cause the cell membrane to burst to lyses the cell and releases the genomic DNA, without the need of extracting and purifying the genomic DNA.This product is suitable for a variety of sources of samples, and can be used as a template for PCR and qPCR experiments after sample processing, and can achieve the effect of the purified DNA used as a template for PCR and qPCR experiments. Usage1. Depending on the type of sample, prepare the appropriate sample size according to the table below.2. Add the sample to a 1.5-mi centrifuge tube and add the recommended volume of Solution A as shown in the table below. Vortex for 20 s and allow to stand at room temperature for 3-5 min or incubate in a metal bath at 95°C for 3-5 min as recommended in the table below.3. After the sample has been sufficiently lysed (samples incubated in a metal bath at 95°C should be brought to room temperature), add the recommended volume of Solution B as shown in the table below and vortex for 30s.4. Store processed samples at 4°C if the next test is to be performed within 2 hours, or at -20°C if the next test cannot be performed immediately.take note of1) Depending on the requirements of the experimental conditions, the amount of samples can be expanded or reduced, and the amount of Solution A and Solution B can be increased in equal proportions.2) For blood and cell samples, the temperature of room temperature lysis is required to be around 25C. If the ambient temperature does not reach 25°, the lysis time can be extended appropriately, or the vortex shaking time can be extended to ensure that the samples are fully lysed. If there is no relevant professional instrument, the centrifuge tube can be shaken vigorously to ensure adequate lysis.3) After the tissue sample is made into tissue homogenate by adding 10 times the volume of saline, it can be processed in the same way as blood samples.4) Strictly prohibit the use of expired products, please do not mix different reagents.5) laboratory supplies should be regularly cleaned and 10% of the 84 disinfectant solution or ultraviolet lamp for anti-pollution treatment, special areas dedicated to prohibit cross use, so as to avoid contamination, the end of the test, the bench should be cleaned immediately... Read More | Products contentProducts IntroductionThe Single Cell Whole Genome Amplification Kit can be used as a template for whole genome amplification of single cells or micro samples. The total time for single-cell amplification is about 3 hours, and 2-5 µg of genomic DNA, with a size of 200-1500 bp, Products contentProducts IntroductionThe Single Cell Whole Genome Amplification Kit can be used as a template for whole genome amplification of single cells or micro samples. The total time for single-cell amplification is about 3 hours, and 2-5 µg of genomic DNA, with a size of 200-1500 bp, can be obtained after lysis, pre-amplification and amplification. The amplified product can be widely used in second-generation sequencing, large fragment copy number variation analysis, SNP typing, qPCR analysis and gene chip analysis.Bring your own instruments and reagentsPCR instrument Reaction tubes: low adsorption tubes recommended Gun Heads: High quality filtered gun heads are recommended Microcentrifuge, vortex mixercaveat The sensitivity of this product is very high, the experimental operation should be completed in a positive pressure ultra-clean bench or clean environment, the concentration of the amplification reaction products is high, should be well isolated to avoid aerosol contamination caused by amplification products.Operation flow diagramprocedurePre-experiment preparationSingle cells were obtained by flow cytometry sorting, buffer dilution, micromanipulation and laser microdissection. It is recommended that the cells be washed prior to the experiments with a 1× PBS solution free of Mg2+ and Ca2+, taking care to ensure that the volume of PBS solution in subsequent experiments does not exceed 2 µl. take note of Since the whole experiment is carried out in the same PCR tube and the reaction volume is small, the pipette tip should not touch the liquid in the tube when adding liquid, so as to avoid taking single cells or DNA out of the reaction system; when pipetting, please add the liquid along the wall of the tube carefully and do not blow the liquid in the PCR tube; before the reaction, please centrifuge briefly to make sure that the liquid in the reaction system is mixed evenly. Thaw the cell lysate, pre-amplifier and amplifier on ice before use.cell lysis 1）Mix Cell Lysis Buffer and Cell Lysis Enzyme according to the number of reactions N, shake to mix, centrifuge briefly and set aside.2）Mix single cells with the cell lysis mix in a PCR tube and run the following program.2. Pre-amplification reaction1）Mix Cell Lysis Buffer and Cell Lysis Enzyme according to the number of reactions N, shake to mix, centrifuge briefly and set aside.2）Add 5 µl of pre-amplification mix to 10 µl of lysis reaction product from the previous step and run the following program. 3. Amplification reaction1）Mix Amplification Buffer and Amp Enzyme Mix according to the number of reactions N, mix with shaking, centrifuge briefly and set aside.2）Add 60 µl of amplification mix to 15 µl of pre-amplification reaction product from the previous step and run the following program.Note: The number of cycles can be adjusted as needed, 14 cycles are recommended for single cells obtained by flow sorting, etc.Amplification product detection 1. Agarose gel electrophoresis 5 µl of the amplified product was subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis (1% agarose gel, 110 V, 25-35 min), and the amplified product was 200-1500 bp in size. 2. Quantitative Amplification products were subjected to magnetic bead or column purification, and purified products were quantified using Qubit with a final yield of 2-5 µg... Read More | S665948 Component 1 mL 5 mL Storage S665948A 2×SYBR qPCR Master Mix 1 mL 5×1 mL -20℃. Avoid freeze/ Thaw cycle. S665948B qPCR Primer Mix 100 µL 5×100 µL -20℃. Avoid freeze/ Thaw cycle. S665948C DNA Standard 1 100 µL 5×100 µL -20℃. Avoid S665948 Component 1 mL 5 mL Storage S665948A 2×SYBR qPCR Master Mix 1 mL 5×1 mL -20℃. Avoid freeze/ Thaw cycle. S665948B qPCR Primer Mix 100 µL 5×100 µL -20℃. Avoid freeze/ Thaw cycle. S665948C DNA Standard 1 100 µL 5×100 µL -20℃. Avoid freeze/ Thaw cycle. S665948D DNA Standard 2 100 µL 5×100 µL -20℃. Avoid freeze/ Thaw cycle. S665948E DNA Standard 3 100 µL 5×100 µL -20℃. Avoid freeze/ Thaw cycle. S665948F DNA Standard 4 100 µL 5×100 µL -20℃. Avoid freeze/ Thaw cycle. S665948G DNA Standard 5 100 µL 5×100 µL -20℃. Avoid freeze/ Thaw cycle. S665948H 50×High ROX 40 µL 200 µL -20℃. Avoid freeze/ Thaw cycle.Product IntroductionThis product is used for real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR) using the product after NGS library construction by dye method (SYBR Green I). The kit provides the reaction mixture, DNA primer mixture, and standards required for the qPCR process, and the reagent system is complete, easy and convenient to operate. The kit uses a new chemically modified high-efficiency hot-start polymerase, the activation of the enzyme needs to be incubated at 95 ℃ for 10 min. the product is highly specific, high amplification efficiency, and able to quickly and accurately quantify the concentration of the constructed library. It is suitable for fluorescent quantitative PCR instruments that do not require ROX as a calibration dye, such as Roche LightCycler 480, Roche LightCyler 96, Bio-radiCyleriQ, iQ5, CFX96.ROX dye is used to correct the fluorescence signal error generated between wells of a quantitative PCR instrument, and is generally used in Real Time PCR amplifiers from ABI, Stratagene, and other companies. The excitation optics vary from instrument to instrument, so the concentration of ROX dye must be matched to the corresponding fluorescence quantitative PCR instrument.Instruments that do not require ROX calibration: Roche LightCycler 480, Roche LightCyler 96, Bio-rad iCyler iQ, iQ5, CFX96, etc.Instruments requiring Low ROX calibration: ABI Prism7500/7500 Fast, QuantStudio®3 System, QuantStudio®5 System, QuantStudio®6 Flex System, QuantStudio®7 Flex System, ViiA 7 System, Stratagene Mx3000/Mx3005P, Corbett Rotor Gene 3000, and others.Instruments requiring High ROX calibration: ABI Prism7000/7300/7700/7900, Eppendorf, ABI Step One/Step One Plus, etc.Note: High Rox and Low Rox are formulated as described in Use 2.Scope of applicationThis product is designed for absolute quantification of the concentration of Illumina platform second-generation sequencing libraries. The end of the library contains Illumin P5 and P7 chip binding sequences, the length of which does not exceed 1kb, and the concentration of which is not less than 0.002pM can be used to perform quantitative experiments with this product. The qPCR Primer Mix provided in the kit contains the following two primer sequences:Primer 1:5'-AAT GAT ACG GCG ACC ACC GA-3' Primer 2: 5'-CAA GCA GAA GAC GGC ATA CGA-3'The primer sequence can be used in advance to confirm whether the library can be amplified by that primer pair.UsageAmplification template preparationThe library samples to be detected were diluted with TE (10 mM Tris-Cl, pH 8.0, 1 mM EDTA), and the concentration after dilution was as close as possible to the range of 0.01-20 pM. 4°C on ice was set aside.qPCR reaction system preparationThe desired cryopreservation reagent is pre-melted completely and mixed by inverting several times before preparation, then centrifuged briefly and set aside.The base reaction system for 20 µl was as follows:Reagent20 µl Reaction system2×SYBR qPCR Master Mix10 µlqPCR Primer Mix 10.8 µlTemplate4 µlddH₂O5.2 µlDescription: High Rox model: add 1 µl High Rox per 50 µl of reaction system;Low Rox model: 1 µl High Rox per 500 µl of reaction system.Prepare a sufficient amount of reaction system mixture according to the need, mix well and add to the reaction wells in a volume of 16 µl per well, add the same volume of TE to the blank control, and then add the prepared standards and diluted samples to the corresponding reaction wells in a volume of 4 µl/well. It is recommended to use 20 µl reaction system, if you need to carry out a smaller system reaction, the system components can be reduced in equal proportion.qPCR reaction programThe annealing temperature should be 60-64°C as a reference for the setting range, and the annealing temperature can be increased when a non-specific reaction occurs.If the average length of the library is greater than 700bp, the annealing/extension time should be increased appropriately.data analysisStandard curve productionThe standard curve was plotted using Ct values in the valid range. The standard curve correlation coefficient R2 should not be less than 0.99 and the slope should lie between -3.1 and -3.6. If the standard curve parameters are not reasonable, it is recommended to repeat the experiment.DNA Standard NameDNA Standard ConcentrationDNA Standard 120 pMDNA Standard 22 pMDNA Standard 30.2 pMDNA Standard 40.02 pMDNA Standard 50.002 pMLibrary Concentration CalculationsThe difference in Ct between the three replicate wells of the experiment should be no more than 0.2, otherwise the invalid data should be deleted or the experiment should be repeated. Do not use the Ct outside the valid Ct range of the standard curve to calculate the concentration of the diluted libraries. Please refer to the data processing Excel of this product for the specific library concentration calculation method.matters needing attentionThese instructions should be read in detail before testing. It should be carried out by personnel with specialized experience or qualified by training.Mix gently by turning up and down, avoid foaming as much as possible, and centrifuge for a short time before use.Avoid repeated freezing and thawing of this product; repeated freezing and thawing may degrade product performance.When preparing reaction solutions, use new or non-contaminated tips and centrifuge tubes to prevent contamination as much as possible... Read More | Product contentY666144Component50 TStorageY666144ABuffer P115 mLRTY666144BBuffer P215 mLRTY666144CBuffer N320 mLRTY666144DBuffer PS15 mLRTY666144EBuffer PB10 mLRTY666144FBuffer PW (concentrate)10 mLRTY666144GBuffer EB10 mLRTY666144HGlass Beads2 gRTY666144IRNase A (10mg/mL)150 µLRTY666144JSpin Product contentY666144Component50 TStorageY666144ABuffer P115 mLRTY666144BBuffer P215 mLRTY666144CBuffer N320 mLRTY666144DBuffer PS15 mLRTY666144EBuffer PB10 mLRTY666144FBuffer PW (concentrate)10 mLRTY666144GBuffer EB10 mLRTY666144HGlass Beads2 gRTY666144IRNase A (10mg/mL)150 µLRTY666144JSpin Columns DM with Collection Tubes50 setsRTProductsThis kit is improved on the basis of common alkaline lysis method, the glass beads can effectively break the yeast cell wall, the new silica matrix membrane and buffer system can efficiently and specifically bind the plasmid DNA, and at the same time can maximize the removal of proteins and other impurities, the whole process is convenient and fast, no need to use toxic and harmful reagents, and can be processed at the same time for multiple samples. In addition to yeast cells, it can also be used in E. coli. Plasmid DNA extracted with this kit can be used in various molecular biology experiments, such as ligation, transformation, sequencing and library screening.Self-contained reagents: β-mercaptoethanol, anhydrous ethanol.Pre-experiment Preparation and Important Notes1. All components can be stably stored in dry, room temperature (15-30℃) environment for 1 year, the adsorption column can be stored at 2-8℃ for a longer period of time, and Buffer P1 with RNase A can be stably stored at 2-8℃ for 6 months.2. Before the first use, add all the RNase A solution to Buffer P1, mix well, and store at 2-8℃.3. Anhydrous ethanol should be added to Buffer PW before first use according to the instructions on the reagent bottle label.4. Before use, please check whether Buffer P2 and Buffer N3 are crystallized or precipitated. If there is any crystallization or precipitation phenomenon, it can be clarified by taking a water bath at 37℃ for a few minutes to restore the clarity.5. Be careful not to touch Buffer P2 and Buffer N3 directly, and tighten the lid immediately after use.6. The amount of plasmid extracted is related to the yeast strain, plasmid copy number, culture conditions, etc. Usually, yeast plasmid copy number is very low, which is difficult to be detected by electrophoresis or spectrophotometer method.Procedure1. Take 1-5 ml of yeast culture (maximum 5×107 yeast cells, generally for Saccharomyces cerevisiae OD = 1.0, equivalent to 1-2×107 cells/ml) and add it to a centrifuge tube (self-provided), centrifuge for 30 seconds at 12,000 rpm (~13,400×g), collect the bacterial precipitate, and aspirate as much as possible to discard the supernatant.2. Add 250µl Buffer P1 to the bacterium (please check if RNase A has been added first) and resuspend the precipitate.3. Add 40mg of Glass Beads to the above mixture and vortex and shake for 10 minutes.4. Add 250 µl of Buffer P2 to the centrifuge tube, mix gently by turning up and down 6-8 times, and let stand at room temperature for 5-10 minutes, at which time the bacterial solution should become clear and viscous.Note: Mix gently, do not shake violently, so as not to interrupt the genomic DNA, resulting in genomic DNA fragments mixed in the extracted plasmid. If the solution does not become clear, it suggests that the amount of bacteria may be too large and the lysis is not complete, and the amount of bacteria should be reduced.5. Add 350 µl of Buffer N3 to the centrifuge tube and immediately mix gently up and down 6-8 times, at which point a white flocculent precipitate appears, and centrifuge at 12,000 rpm for 20 minutes.Note: Buffer N3 should be mixed immediately after addition to avoid localized precipitation.6. Column Equilibration: Add 200 µl of Buffer PS to the Spin Columns DM in the collection tube, centrifuge at 12,000 rpm for 1 minute, pour off the waste liquid from the collection tube, and place the column back into the collection tube.7. Add the supernatant from step 5 to the adsorbent column that has been loaded into the collection tube, taking care not to aspirate the precipitate.Note: The maximum volume of the adsorption column is 750 µl, and the solution is passed through the column in 2 times.8. Centrifuge at 12,000 rpm for 1 minute, pour off the waste liquid in the collection tube and place the adsorption column back into the collection tube.9. Add 150 µl Buffer PB to the adsorbent column, centrifuge at 12,000 rpm for 1 min, pour off the waste liquid in the collection tube, and put the adsorbent column back into the collection tube.10. Add 750 µl Buffer PW to the adsorption column (please check that anhydrous ethanol has been added first), centrifuge at 12,000 rpm for 1 minute, and pour off the waste liquid in the collection tube.11. Place the column back into the recovery collection tube and centrifuge at 12,000 rpm for 2 minutes, pouring off the waste liquid. Leave the column at room temperature for several minutes to dry thoroughly.Note: The purpose of this step is to remove residual ethanol from the adsorption column; ethanol residue can interfere with subsequent enzymatic reactions (digestion, PCR, etc.).12. Place the adsorbent column in a new centrifuge tube, add 50-100 µl of Buffer EB to the center of the adsorbent membrane dropwise, let it stand at room temperature for a few minutes, centrifuge at 13,000 rpm for 1 minute, and collect the plasmid solution into the centrifuge tube. Store the plasmid at -20°C.Attention:1) To increase the recovery efficiency of the plasmid, the resulting solution can be reintroduced into the adsorbent column, left at room temperature for a few minutes, centrifuged at 13,000 rpm for 1 minute, and the plasmid solution collected into a centrifuge tube.2) When the plasmid copy number is low or >10 kb, Buffer EB is preheated at 65-70°C in a water bath, which can increase the extraction efficiency.3) Usually yeast plasmids have very low copy number and are difficult to detect by electrophoresis or spectrophotometry. If the extracted plasmid is to be used in the next step of the experiment, it is usually recommended to use 1-5µl of the plasmid as PCR template, and 5-10µl of the plasmid for transformation of E. coli.4) Commercial high transformation efficiency receptor cells should be used for transformation of E. coli... Read More |