| Description | Annexins are a family of calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding proteins that preferentially bind phosphatidylserine (PS). Under normal physiologic conditions, PS is predominantly located in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane. Upon initiation of apoptosis, PS loses its asymmetric Annexins are a family of calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding proteins that preferentially bind phosphatidylserine (PS). Under normal physiologic conditions, PS is predominantly located in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane. Upon initiation of apoptosis, PS loses its asymmetric distribution across the phospholipid bilayer and is translocated to the extracellular membrane leaflet marking cells as targets of phagocytosis. Once on the outer surface of the membrane, PS can be detected by fluorescently labeled Annexin V in a calcium-dependent manner. In early-stage apoptosis, the plasma membrane excludes viability dyes such as 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole （DAPI）, propidium iodide (PI), 7-AAD. These cells will stain with Annexin V but not a viability dye, thus distinguishing cells in early apoptosis. However, in late stage apoptosis, the cell membrane loses integrity thereby allowing Annexin V to also access PS in the interior of the cell. A viability dye can be used to resolve these late-stage apoptotic and necrotic cells (Annexin V, viability dye-positive) from the early-stage apoptotic cells (Annexin V positive, viability dye-negative). This kit is suitable for the identification and enumeration of dead cells, such as apoptotic or necrotic cells, by flow cytometry.A1456540Components20 T50 T100 TStorageQuantity Per TestA1456540A10× Annexin V Binding Buffer5 mL10 mL20 mL2-8℃200 µL per 0.5-1.0 × 10⁵ cellsA1456540BAnnexin V -PE-Cy5200 µL500 µL1000 µL2-8℃. Store in the dark.10 µL per 0.5-1.0 × 10⁵ cellsA1456540CDAPI Staining Solution (25 µg/mL)40 µL100 µL200 µL2-8℃. Store in the dark.2 µL per 0.5-1.0 × 10⁵ cellsNote: The recommended number of cells to stain per test is 0.5-1.0 × 10⁵ cells.Precautions1. Please try to avoid light when using to slow down the quenching of fluorescence.2. DAPI Solution is toxigenic and mutagenic; handle with care.3. Due to the calcium dependence of the Annexin V:PS interaction, it is critical to avoid buffers containing EDTA or other calcium chelators during Annexin V experiments.Instruction for use 1. Dilute 10X Binding Buffer to 1X using distilled water (1 mL 10X Binding Buffer + 9 mL ddH2O).2. Wash cells twice with cold PBS and then resuspend the desired amount of cells in Annexin V Binding Buffer at a concentration of 0.5-1.0x 10⁶ cells /mL. 3. Add 10 µL of Annexin V-PE-Cy5 and 2 µL of DAPI staining solution to 100 µL of cell suspension.4. Add 100 µL of 1x Binding Buffer to each assay. Gently vortex the cells and incubate for 10 min at RT (25°C) in the dark.5. Perform flow cytometry analysis within 1 hr... Read More | Inquire | DescriptionCobalt is a transition metal that serves as a trace dietary mineral for all multicellular organisms. Cobalt is an important cofactor for the Vitamin B12class of compounds where it occupies the center of the vitamin B12corrin ring. Cobalt can also be coordinated in the active site of the DescriptionCobalt is a transition metal that serves as a trace dietary mineral for all multicellular organisms. Cobalt is an important cofactor for the Vitamin B12class of compounds where it occupies the center of the vitamin B12corrin ring. Cobalt can also be coordinated in the active site of the non-corrin containing metalloenzyme methionine aminopeptidase.Suitability: Suitable for quantitating cobalt concentrations in a variety of samplesPrinciple: The Cobalt Assay kit provides a simple and direct procedure for measuring cobalt in a variety of samples. In this assay, cobalt reacts with 2-mercaptoethanol under basic conditions to form a complex with a strong absorbance at 475 nm. Interference from the metal ions Fe2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, and Mn2+is <10% at this wavelength. This assay gives a linear range of 10-50 nmoles of cobalt.}Preparation instructionsSuitable for quantitating cobalt concentrations in a variety of samplesPrincipleThe Cobalt Assay kit provides a simple and direct procedure for measuring cobalt in a variety of samples. In this assay, cobalt reacts with 2-mercaptoethanol under basic conditions to form a complex with a strong absorbance at 475 nm. Interference... Read More | Product contentN666081Component50 TStorageN666081ANc-Buffer A50 mL2-8℃N666081BNc-Buffer B3 mL2-8℃N666081CNc-Buffer C25 mL2-8℃N666081DProtease Inhibitor Cocktail750 µL-20℃. Avoid freeze/thaw cycle.ProductsThe Nc-Nucleus/Plasma Protein Extraction Kit is a simple and rapid Product contentN666081Component50 TStorageN666081ANc-Buffer A50 mL2-8℃N666081BNc-Buffer B3 mL2-8℃N666081CNc-Buffer C25 mL2-8℃N666081DProtease Inhibitor Cocktail750 µL-20℃. Avoid freeze/thaw cycle.ProductsThe Nc-Nucleus/Plasma Protein Extraction Kit is a simple and rapid method for extracting nucleus and plasma proteins from mammalian cells and tissues, and the extracted proteins remain biologically active. The kit first cleaves the cell membrane and releases plasma proteins using the plasma protein extraction reagent, and then centrifuges the nucleus to obtain a nucleus precipitate. Finally, the nuclear proteins are extracted by the nuclear protein extraction reagent. The extracted nuclear and plasma proteins are of high purity, effectively avoiding cross-contamination of nuclear and plasma proteins, and can be used for subsequent operations such as Western, Gel Shift, reporter gene detection and enzyme activity determination.Caveat1. If phosphorylated proteins are to be extracted, add a phosphatase inhibitor to the extraction reagent.2. All sample handling should be done on ice.3. The amount of reagents can be adjusted according to the specific experimental situation to ensure that the ratio of each reagent used is Nc-Buffer A:Nc-Buffer B:Nc-Buffer C = 100:5.5:50.4. Higher speeds can be used for centrifugation.ProcedureI Extraction of cytoplasmic and cytosolic proteins from cells1. Please remove the extraction reagents Nc-Buffer A and Nc-Buffer C for pre-cooling before protein extraction.2. Collect the cells and count them. Centrifuge to remove supernatant.3. 1×107 cells were added with 1 ml of Nc-Buffer A (added to Protease Inhibitor Cocktail at a ratio of 1:99 within 2-3 minutes prior to protein pumping), vortexed for 5 seconds to mix well, and incubated on ice for 20 minutes.Note: The characteristics of various cells are different, and the amount of Nc-Buffer A needs to be adjusted according to the characteristics of different cells. If the protein concentration is small, reduce the amount of Nc-Buffer A and subsequent Nc-Buffer B and Nc-Buffer C proportionally.4. Add 55 µl of Nc-Buffer B, vortex for 5 seconds to mix thoroughly, and incubate on ice for 1 minute.5. Centrifuge at 12,000 rpm (~13,400 x g) for 15 minutes at 4°C, collect the supernatant (as clean as possible) into a new centrifuge tube and store at -20°C (this extract is cytoplasmic protein).6. Add 500 µl of Nc-Buffer C (add Protease Inhibitor Cocktail at a ratio of 1:99 before use) to the precipitate obtained in the previous step, vortex for 5 seconds to mix thoroughly, resuspend the precipitate and incubate on ice for 40 minutes, vortexing and mixing at 10-minute intervals for about 15-30 seconds each time.7. Centrifuge at 12,000 rpm for 15 minutes at 4°C, collect the supernatant (as clean as possible) into a new centrifuge tube and store at -20°C (this extract is for cytosolic proteins).II Extraction of cytoplasmic and cytosolic proteins from tissues1. Sampling and preservation of tissues.2. Remove the extraction reagents Nc-Buffer A and Nc-Buffer C for pre-cooling before protein extraction.3. Weigh the tissue and add 1 ml of Nc-Buffer A per 100 mg of tissue (add Protease Inhibitor Cocktail 2-3 minutes before protein extraction at a ratio of 1:99), homogenize well on ice with a homogenizer, and incubate on ice for 20 minutes.Note: The characteristics of various tissues are different, and the amount of Nc-Buffer A needs to be adjusted according to different tissues. If the protein concentration is small, reduce the amount of Nc-Buffer A and subsequent Nc-Buffer B and Nc-Buffer C proportionally.4. Add 55 µl of Nc-Buffer B, vortex for 5 seconds to mix thoroughly, and place on ice for 1 minute of incubation.5. Centrifuge at 12,000 rpm for 15 minutes at 4°C, collect the supernatant (as clean as possible) into a new centrifuge tube and store at -20°C (this extract is cytoplasmic protein).6. Add 500 µl of Nc-Buffer C (add Protease Inhibitor Cocktail at a ratio of 1:99 before use) to the precipitate obtained in the previous step, vortex for 5 seconds to mix thoroughly, resuspend the precipitate and incubate on ice for 40 minutes, vortexing and mixing at 10-minute intervals at, each time for about 15-30 seconds.7. Centrifuge at 12,000 rpm for 15 minutes at 4°C, collect the supernatant (as clean as possible) into a new centrifuge tube and store at -20°C (this extract is cytosolic protein)... Read More | Product contentP666142Component200 TStorageP666142ABuffer P160 mLRTP666142BBuffer P260 mLRTP666142CBuffer N380 mLRTP666142DBuffer PB35 mLRTP666142EBuffer PW (concentrate)25 mLRTP666142FBuffer EB30 mLRTP666142GRNase A (10 mg/mL)600 µLRTP666142HSpin Columns DM with Collection Tubes200 EART Product contentP666142Component200 TStorageP666142ABuffer P160 mLRTP666142BBuffer P260 mLRTP666142CBuffer N380 mLRTP666142DBuffer PB35 mLRTP666142EBuffer PW (concentrate)25 mLRTP666142FBuffer EB30 mLRTP666142GRNase A (10 mg/mL)600 µLRTP666142HSpin Columns DM with Collection Tubes200 EART Product IntroductionThis kit is suitable for extracting 1-5 ml of bacterial solution. Based on the lysis of cells by alkaline lysis method, it adopts a unique silica matrix membrane adsorption technology and reagent formulation, and efficiently and exclusively binds plasmid DNA in solution by centrifugal adsorption columns in a high-salt state, and each adsorption column can adsorb a maximum of 30 µg of plasmid DNA, and removes proteins, genomes, RNAs, and other impurities to the greatest extent possible. The plasmid DNA obtained can be directly used for cell transfection, PCR, digestion, sequencing, ligation and other biological experiments.Self-contained reagent: anhydrous ethanol.Pre-experiment Preparation and Important Notes1. All components can be stably stored in dry, room temperature (15-30℃) environment for 1 year, the adsorption column can be stored at 2-8℃ for a longer period of time, and Buffer P1 with RNase A can be stably stored at 2-8℃ for 6 months.2. Before the first use, add all the RNase A solution into Buffer P1, mix well, and store it at 2-8°C. Before use, leave it at room temperature for a period of time, and then use it after recovering to room temperature.3. Anhydrous ethanol should be added to Buffer PW according to the instructions on the label of the reagent bottle before first use.4. If precipitation is found in Buffer P2, Buffer N3, or Buffer PB before use, the clarification can be restored by water bath at 37℃ for a few minutes (please do not shake Buffer P2 violently).5. Be careful not to touch Buffer P2, Buffer N3 and Buffer PB directly, and tighten the lid immediately after use.6. The amount and purity of extracted plasmid is related to the concentration of bacterial culture, strain type, plasmid size, plasmid copy number and other factors.Procedure1. Take 1-5 ml of the overnight culture and add it to a centrifuge tube (self-prepared), centrifuge for 30 seconds at 13,000 rpm (~16,200×g) to collect the bacterial precipitate, and discard the supernatant as much as possible.2. Add 250 µl of Buffer P1 to the centrifuge tube with the bacterial precipitate (please check that RNase A has been added first), mix well using a pipette or vortex shaker, and suspend the bacterial precipitate.Note: If the bacterial mass is not thoroughly mixed, it will affect the lysis effect, resulting in low extraction and purity.3. Add 250µl of Buffer P2 to the centrifuge tube and mix gently up and down 4-6 times, mixing well to lyse the organisms, at which point the solution should become clear and viscous.Note: Mix gently, do not shake vigorously to avoid interrupting the genomic DNA and causing the extracted plasmid to be mixed with genomic DNA fragments. This step should take no more than 5 minutes to avoid damage to the plasmid.4. Add 350 µl of Buffer N3 to the centrifuge tube and immediately mix gently up and down for 8-10 times, mixing well so that a white flocculent precipitate should appear. centrifuge at 13,000 rpm for 5 minutes.Note: Buffer N3 should be mixed immediately after addition to avoid localized precipitation.5. Transfer the supernatant obtained in step 4 to the Spin Columns DM that have been loaded into the collection tube, centrifuge at 13,000 rpm for 30 seconds, pour off the waste liquid from the collection tube, and place the column back into the collection tube.6. Add 150 µl Buffer PB to the adsorption column and centrifuge at 13,000 rpm for 30 seconds.7. Add 400 µl Buffer PW to the adsorption column (please check that anhydrous ethanol has been added first), centrifuge at 13,000 rpm for 1 minute, and pour off the waste liquid in the collection tube.8. Place the adsorbent column in a new centrifuge tube (supplied), add 50-100 µl Buffer EB to the middle of the adsorbent membrane, leave it at room temperature for 2 minutes, centrifuge at 13,000 rpm for 1 minute, and collect the plasmid solution into the centrifuge tube. -The plasmid solution was collected into the centrifuge tube.Note: 1) To increase the recovery efficiency of the plasmid, the resulting solution can be reintroduced into the adsorbent column, left at room temperature for 2 minutes, centrifuged at 13,000 rpm for 1 minute, and the plasmid solution collected into a centrifuge tube.2) For low plasmid copy number or >10 kb, Buffer EB is preheated at 65-70°C in a water bath to increase extraction efficiency... Read More |