| Description | Inquire | Product content:M665754Component25 TStorageM665754ATris-HCl, 1 mM, PH 8.01 mL-20℃. Avoid freeze/thaw cycleM665754BE. coli Poly(A) Polymerase, 5 U/µL15 µL-20℃. Avoid freeze/thaw cycleM665754C10×Poly(A) Polymerase Buffer80 µL-20℃. Avoid freeze/thaw Product content:M665754Component25 TStorageM665754ATris-HCl, 1 mM, PH 8.01 mL-20℃. Avoid freeze/thaw cycleM665754BE. coli Poly(A) Polymerase, 5 U/µL15 µL-20℃. Avoid freeze/thaw cycleM665754C10×Poly(A) Polymerase Buffer80 µL-20℃. Avoid freeze/thaw cycleM665754DATP, 10 mM15 µL-20℃. Avoid freeze/thaw cycleM665754ERT Primer, 25 µM90 µL-20℃. Avoid freeze/thaw cycleM665754F5×SuperRT Buffer120 µL-20℃. Avoid freeze/thaw cycleM665754GUltraPure dNTP Mix, 10 mM each30 µL-20℃. Avoid freeze/thaw cycleM665754HSuperRT, 200 U/µL15 µL-20℃. Avoid freeze/thaw cycleM665754IRNase-Free Water1 mL-20℃. Avoid freeze/thaw cycle Product Introduction:This kit uses the method of adding a poly (A) tail at the 3 'end of miRNA to give miRNA a Poly (A) tail, followed by reverse transcription using Oligo (dT) - Universal tag universal reverse transcription primers to synthesize the first stranded cDNA corresponding to miRNA. The miRNA cDNA first strand synthesis kit contains all the reagents required for the miRNA 3 'end Poly (A) tail modification process and the reverse transcription process after modification. This kit has a very high Poly (A) modification and reverse transcription efficiency, which can range from 1 ng-2 µ The first strand of cDNA corresponding to miRNA was effectively obtained from the total RNA of g. And the operation is simple and fast, which can be used to simultaneously detect multiple miRNAs from a synthesized cDNA reaction. This not only reduces errors and saves samples, but also achieves high-throughput detection.Note: This kit must be used in conjunction with the miRNA fluorescence quantitative detection kit.Self prepared experimental materials: 1 ng-2 µ Total RNA of g, or 0.1 ng-1 µ Small molecule RNA of g.Notes:To prevent RNase pollution, attention should be paid to the following aspects:1. Use plastic products and gun heads without RNase to avoid cross contamination.2. Glassware should be dry baked at a high temperature of 180 ℃ for 4 hours before use. Plastic containers can be soaked in 0.5 M NaOH for 10 minutes, thoroughly rinsed with water, and then sterilized under high pressure.3. The solution should be prepared using water without RNase.4. Operators should wear disposable masks and gloves, and change gloves frequently during the experiment.Usage:A. The process of miRNA adding Poly (A) tail:1.based on the amount of RNA used, dilute the total RNA of 10 mM ATP with 1 mM Tris (pH 8.0) according to the following formula: ATP dilution coefficient=5000/__ ngExample: If the initial amount of total RNA is 100 ng, then the ATP dilution coefficient is 5000/100=50. About to dilute ATP 50 times (1 µ 10 mM ATP plus 49 for l µ 1 mM Tris at pH 8.0.2. Add the following reagents to the pre cooled RNase free reaction tube in the ice bath to a total volume of 25 µ L. reagent 25 µlReaction system final concentration total RNA* X µl Up to 2 µg 10×Poly(A) Polymerase Buffer 2.5 µl 1× Diluted ATP in step "1" 1 µl / E. coli Poly(A) Polymerase, 5U/µl 0.5 µl 2.5 U RNase-Free Water up to 25 µl /*The total RNA used in the reaction must contain small molecule RNA.This process can also directly use small molecule RNA (recommended dosage of 2-5) µ L. Please determine the amount added based on the abundance of the target miRNA.3. Gently mix the above reaction solution and briefly centrifuge to collect the liquid at the bottom of the tube. Incubate at 37 ℃ for 15 minutes. After this process is completed, immediately proceed with the synthesis of the first strand cDNA or temporarily store it at -20 ℃. If long-term storage is required, it is recommended to store at -80 ℃.B. The process of synthesizing the first strand of modified miRNA cDNA:1. Add the reagents in the table below to the pre cooled RNase free reaction tube in the ice bath until the final volume reaches 20µl: reagent 20 µlReaction system The above Poly (A) reaction solution 4 µl UltraPure dNTP Mix ，10 mM each 1 µl RT Primer ，25 µM 3 µl 5×SuperRT Buffer 4 µl SuperRT ，200 U/µl 0.5 µl RNase-Free Water 7.5 µl2. Gently mix the above reaction solution and briefly centrifuge to collect the liquid at the bottom of the tube. Incubate at 42 ℃ for 50 minutes.3.85 ℃ for 5 minutes and terminate the reaction. The synthesized cDNA reaction solution can be directly used for fluorescence quantitative detection experiments or stored at -20 ℃ for future use... Read More | Products contentN665993Component240 TStorageN665993AIndex N501 Primers for Illumina240 µL-20℃. Avoid freeze/ Thaw cycle.N665993BIndex N925-N948 Primers for Illumina24×10 µL-20℃. Avoid freeze/ Thaw cycle. Products Introduction This kit is a companion kit to the transposase-Products contentN665993Component240 TStorageN665993AIndex N501 Primers for Illumina240 µL-20℃. Avoid freeze/ Thaw cycle.N665993BIndex N925-N948 Primers for Illumina24×10 µL-20℃. Avoid freeze/ Thaw cycle. Products Introduction This kit is a companion kit to the transposase-based Rapid DNA Library Construction Kit for Illumina platform library construction. Each kit contains one N5 primer and 24 N7 primers, which can be used to prepare 24 different single-ended Index libraries. All reagents provided in the kits have been subjected to stringent quality control and functional validation to maximize the stability and reproducibility of library construction. The libraries can be used for sequencing on Illumina platforms such as HiSeq X-10/4000/2500/2000 and MiSeq. Provide your own instruments, reagents and consumables1. Magnetic frame: DynaMagTM-2 is recommended.2. DNA purification and recovery kit: It is recommended to use Kangwei DNA purification and recovery kit by magnetic bead method.3. DNA building kit: It is recommended to use the Kangwei Century transposase method second-generation sequencing rapid DNA building kit.4. Anhydrous ethanol.5. Reaction tubes: It is recommended to use low adsorption PCR tubes with 1.5 ml centrifuge tubes;Tip: It is recommended to use a high quality filter tip to prevent contamination of kits and library samples. Pre-experiment Preparation and Important NotesPlease centrifuge briefly before opening the cap so that the liquid collects at the bottom of the tube to avoid cross-contamination between different primers. ProcedureFor the use of the CombiVision Second Generation Sequencing Multisample Primer Kit, please follow the CombiVision Second Generation Sequencing Rapid DNA Library Kit protocol.Index N501 Primer for IlluminaIndex N901-N996 Primer for Illumina... Read More | Apoptosis refers to the cell autonomous and orderly death controlled by genes to maintain the stability of the internal environment. Apoptosis is different from cell necrosis. Apoptosis generally refers to a programmed cell death process that occurs during the development of body cells or under the Apoptosis refers to the cell autonomous and orderly death controlled by genes to maintain the stability of the internal environment. Apoptosis is different from cell necrosis. Apoptosis generally refers to a programmed cell death process that occurs during the development of body cells or under the action of some factors through the regulation of intracellular genes and their products. Cell necrosis is a cell death process that is caused by strong physical and chemical or biological factors to cause disordered changes in cells. The difference between apoptosis and necrosis lies in the characteristic morphological and biochemical changes, including the changes of cell membrane permeability and nuclear chromatin, the contraction of cytoplasm and the loss of membrane asymmetry. The oxazole yellow/pi membrane permeability apoptosis detection kit produced by our company is a dual fluorescence detection kit based on oxazole yellow and PI dyes. This kit is suitable for fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, fluorescence microplate reader and other fluorescence detection systems. Oxazole yellow is a non cell membrane penetrating cyanine monomer green fluorescent dye with high affinity for DNA. It basically has no fluorescence when it is not bound to DNA, but can emit bright green fluorescence after binding to DNA. When apoptosis occurs, the permeability of cell membrane changes. At this time, oxazole yellow can enter the cell and bind to DNA, emitting bright green fluorescence. Therefore, it is often used for the detection of apoptosis. It should be noted that oxazole yellow can also stain dead cells, so it needs to be double stained with PI that specifically fluorescently stains dead cells to effectively determine apoptosis. PI (propidium iodide) is a red fluorescent dye that can stain DNA. It is an analog of pyridine bromide that releases red fluorescence after embedding double stranded DNA. Although PI cannot pass through the membrane of living cells, it can cross the damaged cell membrane of dead cells to stain nuclei. Therefore, oxazole yellow combined with PI can be directly used for the detection of apoptosis. Apoptotic cells show green fluorescence, dead cells show both red and green fluorescence positive, and living cells have little or no fluorescence.Components: Components O598364-50T A. Oxazole yellow dye 50 µL B. Propidium Iodide (PI) 50 µLUsage (using flow cytometry as an example):1. Cell preparation(1) For adherent cells, after trypsin digestion, resuspend in culture medium and wash once with pre cooled PBS; The digestion time of trypsin should not be too long to prevent false positives. Note: Digest with trypsin and allow the cells to recover in the optimal cell culture conditions and medium for about 30 minutes, then stain.(2) For suspended cells, centrifuge at 1000 rpm for 5 minutes, discard the supernatant, and wash once with pre cooled PBS.2. Cell stainingSuspend cells in pre cooled PBS, with a recommended cell count of 106 cells/mL per sample. Add 1 µ L Oxazole Yellow and 1 µ L to 1 mL of the samplePI， Gently blow and mix well. Incubate on ice in the dark for 30 minutes. Note: We suggest adding the following two experimental controls:Blank tube: negative control group cells, without dye, used to regulate voltage.Single staining tube: Positive control group cells were treated with only two tubes, Oxazole yellow and PI, for regulating compensation.3. Flow detectionAfter incubation, the sample can be directly detected by flow cytometry, or centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 5 minutes, the supernatant can be aspirated, and the sample can be resuspended in 1 mL of pre cooled PBS for flow cytometry detection. Oxazole yellow can be excited by a 488 nm laser, and the detected fluorescence emission spectrum is around 530 ± 30 nm (FITC channel), while the PI channel emission spectrum is around 617 nm (PI or PE channel).Product parameters：Oxazole yellow dye:ex/em = 491 / 509 nm (bound DNA); Propidium iodine:ex/em = 535 / 617 nm (combined with DMatters needing attention：1. please centrifuge the product to the bottom of the tube immediately before use, and then conduct subsequent experiments. 2. fluorescent dyes have quenching problems. Please try to avoid light to slow down fluorescence quenching. 3. for your safety and health, please wear experimental clothes and disposable gloves.Scope of application：Membrane permeability apoptosis assay... Read More | Product introduction：PMA qPCR live bacteria detection kit provides an effective means to detect bacterial activity. This kit provides a mixture of PMA dye and SYBR green dye based qPCR. The optimal amount of dye and the number of samples that can be processed may vary depending on the type ofProduct introduction：PMA qPCR live bacteria detection kit provides an effective means to detect bacterial activity. This kit provides a mixture of PMA dye and SYBR green dye based qPCR. The optimal amount of dye and the number of samples that can be processed may vary depending on the type of sample. PMA is a DNA binding dye with high affinity, especially with double stranded DNA. The dye itself has weak fluorescence, but it can emit brighter fluorescence after binding with nucleic acids. PMA is impermeable to the cell membrane, so it can selectively modify the DNA of dead cells with damaged membrane. After bllight (~464 nm) photolysis of PMA modified DNA, the photoreactive azido group on PMA is converted into highly reactive azene radical, which reacts with any hydrocarbon moiety near the DNA binding site to form a stable covalent nitrogen carbon bond, resulting in permanent DNA modification. This modification process will make the DNA insoluble, and it will be lost together with cell debris in the later genomic DNA extraction process. The unbound PMA remaining in the solution reacts with water molecules under strong light irradiation and decomposes into hydroxylamine compounds without cross-linking activity, so that it can no longer covalently bind DNA. Based on this characteristic of PMA, our company combines PMA and qPCR technology to form a new detection method - PMA qPCR, which is used for the screening of live bacteria. At present, the method has been validated in a variety of bacterial strains as well as yeast, fungi, viruses and parasites. The treatment of complex samples, such as feces or soil, may require optimization of sample dilution, dye concentration, and light treatment time. Treatment of diluted samples, such as water testing, may require filtration or concentration prior to dye treatment. Component： Instruction： Precautions before use：1.This live bacteria detection kit distinguishes dead bacteria and live bacteria according to cell membrane permeability. Many methods of killing bacteria cause damage to the cell membrane and are therefore compatible with this kit. But some methods, such as ultraviolet irradiation, may not immediately cause cell membrane rupture. Therefore, before selecting this kit, it is necessary to carry out literature search and pre-experiment to determine whether the kit is suitable for the bacterial type and killing method you choose. 2.After PMA treatment, the bacteria need to be photolyzed to covalently bind the dye to dead cell DNA. Photolysis operations can use blue or white light sources. Generally speaking, the brighter the lamp, the higher the efficiency of the photolysis step. Non-LED lamps ( such as halogen lamps ) may heat your sample and have a negative impact on the analysis. Ice is required to cool the sample during irradiation. 3.Sample can be cryopreservation after photolysis. Frozen samples before PMA treatment photolysis may damage the cell membrane and produce false negative results. If the sample needs to be frozen before detection, it is recommended to perform a pre-experiment first. 4.Part of the mechanism of PMA is to remove PMA covalently modified DNA from the sample by precipitation ; therefore, when extracting genomic DNA, it is necessary to use the same volume of genomic DNA eluent for volume normalization. The positive control can use the genomic DNA of living cells. 5.In order to verify the effectiveness of PMA in the test sample, the Ct ( dCt ) changes between- / + PMA can be compared. Experimental materials ( self-provided )：①Light source ( used for the photolysis step after PMA modified DNA ) ;② Bacterial genomic DNA extraction kit ; Experimental procedure： 1.Suck 10 µL of E.coli bacterial solution in liquid LB medium, and culture E.coli in the bacterial incubator overnight or longer to the logarithmic growth phase ( OD600 ≈ 1.0 ) ; Note : The culture time is adjusted according to the experiment. 2.Two portions of live E.coli, 400 µL each, were placed in a clean centrifuge tube ; 3. ( Recommended ) Preparation of dead E.coli. If the dead E.coli is needed as a control, the dead E.coli can be obtained by heating the living E.coli in a water bath at 95 °C for 5 min, or at 58 °C for 3 h. the subsequent operation of the dead E. coli is the same as that of the living E. coli ; 4.Two copies of live E.coli, one without PMA treatment, and one with 25 µM PMA treatment ( the optimal PMA concentration for treating different types or different sources of bacteria needs to be consulted in the relevant literature ) ; 5.The PMA-treated samples were placed on a shaker at room temperature and incubated in the dark for 10 min to fully mix the dye with the sample ; 6.Exposure of the sample, you can use blue or white light source, irradiation time to explore their own. For example, a 60 W blue light can be used for 15 min. Note : 1 If a halogen lamp is used, we recommend that the PMA-treated sample tube be placed on an ice block 20 cm away from the light source. Ice should be placed in a transparent tray. Adjust the light source to point directly to the sample, photolysis for 5-15 min ; if the bacteria obtained from the environment are directly used for experiments, due to the complexity or turbidity of the environmental samples, the photolysis time needs to be prolonged appropriately. 7.Treated and untreated live E.coli 5000 × g, centrifuged for 10 min, remove the supernatant ; 8.Select the appropriate genomic DNA extraction kit according to the sample type, and use the same elution volume for each group of samples when elution DNA. Note : DNA extraction steps refer to the instructions of the kit used. Part of the mechanism of action of PMA is to remove PMA-bound DNA from the sample by precipitation ; therefore, when extracting genomic DNA, each group should use the same volume of genomic DNA eluent for volume normalization ( the amount of genomic DNA extracted from dead bacteria and live bacteria is inconsistent, so the concentration of the two is significantly different ). 9.Preparation of reaction mixture according to the following system : Note : 1 For the DNA extracted by commercial DNA extraction kit, the qPCR template was optimized with 2 µL as the initial volume ; 2 The template volume should not exceed 10 % of the final reaction volume ; 3 Template concentration : gDNA as template, usually 1-10 ng ; the final concentration of PCR primers is usually 0.4µM, which can get better results. When the reaction performance is poor, the primer concentration can be adjusted in the range of 0.2-1µM. 10.Slightly vortex the reaction mixture, transfer the fixed volume to the PCR tube. 11. Test procedureNote : 1 The extension time is adjusted according to the instrument ; the Taq enzyme in mix can be activated within 2 min, but the genomic DNA may require longer denaturation time, which can be increased at this time, and the specific denaturation time can be adjusted according to the sample type. 12. ( Optional ) Data analysis Using live bacteria and dead bacteria as controls, the number of live cells in the sample was analyzed and calculated. It is recommended to verify the suitability of primers and PCR procedures before starting PMA qPCR detection of live bacteria. Calculation of dead and living bacteria control dCt ( 1 ) After the end of qPCR, the Ct value of each sample was calculated by instrument software ; ( 2 ) By calculating the dCt of each control bacteria, it was judged whether PMA successfully inhibited the amplification of dead bacterial DNA. The calculation is as follows : dCt live = Ct ( live, PMA treated ) -Ct ( live, PMA untreated ) dCt die = Ct ( die, PMA treated ) -Ct ( die, PMA untreated ) ( 3 ) The dCt expectation of living bacteria is close to 0 ± 1, which indicates that PMA does not affect the amplification of living cell DNA ; ( 4 ) The expected value of dCt of dead bacteria is greater than 4 ( dCt is 4 means that it is reduced by about 16 times, that is, 94 % of dead bacterial DNA is removed ; a dCt of 8 indicated a decrease of about 250 times, that is, 99.6 % of the dead bacterial DNA was removed ).( 5 ) The dCt of dead bacteria depends on many factors, including : strain / cell type ; the way bacteria are killed ; the concentration of PMA used ; amplified sequence length. 3. Calculation of the proportion of viable ( optional ) bacteria If the control results of dead and live bacteria are normal, the proportion of live bacteria in the sample can be calculated.( 1 ) Calculate the dCt value of the sample : dCt sample = Ct ( sample, PMA treated ) -Ct ( sample, PMA untreated ) ( 2 ) Conversion of dCt value to live bacteria ratio : PMA inhibition multiple = 2 ( sample dCt ) Viable bacteria % = 100 / PMA inhibition multiple 14. ( Optional ) Calculate the absolute number of live bacteria If you want to calculate the absolute number of viable bacteria in the sample, you need to use a known number of target bacteria genomic DNA to make a standard curve. It is recommended that the diluted concentrations of several groups of genomes are within the range of the qPCR analysis system. ( 1 ) qPCR was performed with the appropriate genome, and the Ct value was used as the ordinate, and the number of cells was used as the abscissa. The R2 value is calculated to determine the linearity, and the slope and y-axis intercept are displayed.( 2 ) Calculate the copy number of the experimental samples : Ct = slope * cell number + y axis intercept ( y = mx + b ) Bacterial count sample = ( Ct-y axis intercept ) / slope Note : The live bacterial DNA was not lost during the purification process. Examples : Product parameters：Pma: ex = 464 nm; Ex/em = 510/610 nm (following photolysis and reaction with dna/rna)Scope of application：Live bacteria detection Matters needing attention：1.Please instantaneously centrifuge the product to the bottom of the tube before use, and then carry out subsequent experiments ; 2.the kit components contain fluorescent dyes, and attention should be paid to avoiding light during use and preservation ; 3.For your safety and health, please wear experimental clothes and disposable gloves... Read More |