Fractionation can be caused by a variety of chemical, biological, or physical processes and is employed in various areas of science, engineering and technology.
Fractionation systems are designed to separate an analyte from a sample into equal portions or fractions. It does so in accordance with either the analytes physical or chemical properties, such as by size, density, or bonding ability. In column chromatography, for example, fractionation occurs by difference of affinity whereas in cell fractionation, the cells components are fractioned out by difference in mass. Fractionation instruments provide hands-off, programable, and repeatable options for separating desired samples.
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| Company | Polymer Char | Polymer Char | Polymer Char | Polymer Char | Polymer Char |
| Item | CFC | CRYSTAF-TREF Instrument | CRYSTEX® 42 Instrument | SGIC 2D Instrument | TREF Instrument |
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| Catalog Number | CFC | CRYSTAF-TREF | CRYSTEX 42 | SGIC 2D | TREF |
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| Description | This Cross-Fractionation Chromatograph obtains the bivariate distribution in polyolefins. The two-dimensional distribution that relates molar mass and chemical composition is often required for comprehensive characterization of complex materials. The CFC first fractionates the polymer according to This Cross-Fractionation Chromatograph obtains the bivariate distribution in polyolefins. The two-dimensional distribution that relates molar mass and chemical composition is often required for comprehensive characterization of complex materials. The CFC first fractionates the polymer according to composition through a Temperature Rising Elution Fractionation (TREF) process, while the resulting fractions are continuously injected into online GPC columns, where a second fractionation, this time according to molar mass, is performed.
Features - Analytical scale, fully-automated instrument for cross-fractionation of polyolefins.
- An integrated IR5 MCT detector provides excellent sensitivity in concentration and composition signals.
- A new autosampler with 42 vials for extended analysis throughput is incorporated.
- The first separation step on the basis of composition can be performed by TREF for crystallizable polyolefin materials or by TGIC for elastomer resins.
- Comprehensive information on molar mass and chemical composition distributions in a single analysis is obtained.
- Flexible definition of number of fractions and temperatures.
- Under standard conditions, two samples per day can be analyzed.
- Sub-ambient TREF operation (down to -20°C) for low crystallinity samples
... Read More | The CRYSTAF-TREF instrument is a very convenient option when needing to analyze the CCD in Polyolefins, since either CRYSTAF or TREF techniques can be performed just by changing the configuration of the equipment.
Features - Possibility of running CRYSTAF or TREF techniques in the same instrument.
The CRYSTAF-TREF instrument is a very convenient option when needing to analyze the CCD in Polyolefins, since either CRYSTAF or TREF techniques can be performed just by changing the configuration of the equipment.
Features - Possibility of running CRYSTAF or TREF techniques in the same instrument.
- Full automation of the CRYSTAF and TREF techniques to measure the CCD
- 5 samples can be analyzed with no supervision required; done sequentially in TREF mode with an analysis time of 6 hours/sample, and simultaneously in CRYSTAF mode with a total analysis time of 8 hours.
- Possibility of subambient operation (down to -20ºC) for low crystallinity samples
... Read More | CRYSTEX® 42 is a high-throughput and fully-automated approach for obtaining the soluble fraction in polypropylene and copolymers. It stands as a modern and easy-to-operate alternative to the traditional wet chemistry method based on xylene solubility, which is known for being time consuming and for CRYSTEX® 42 is a high-throughput and fully-automated approach for obtaining the soluble fraction in polypropylene and copolymers. It stands as a modern and easy-to-operate alternative to the traditional wet chemistry method based on xylene solubility, which is known for being time consuming and for requiring constant manual handling of solvent at high temperature.
CRYSTEX® 42 incorporates a high temperature autosampler with 42 positions to analyze samples in 20mL vials (max. sample amount of 160mg). This system eliminates the need to handle solvent manually and it operates with less flammable solvents than Xylene (TCB or oDCB), increasing the safety level in the laboratory.
CRYSTEX® 42 is based on the same TREF separation concept as its sibling instrument, CRYSTEX® QC, in which the sample is loaded into a TREF column twice. The first injection serves to measure the whole polymer and the second one remains within the column for a crystallization ramp that results in the separation of the soluble from the crystalline fraction.
Results are very precise thanks to its full automation and to its integrated infrared detector (IR4), which measures precisely the amount of sample analysed as well as providing ethylene content information. Moreover, for a truly complete analysis, the instrument measures intrinsic viscosity by means of a built-in dual capillary viscometer. All results (concentration, ethylene content, and intrinsic viscosity) are obtained for the whole sample, the soluble fraction, and the crystalline fraction.
While CRYSTEX® QC was designed to be installed in each production plant to monitor the process in real time analyzing a larger amount of sample (up to 4g), CRYSTEX® 42, with its high temperature autosampler, and has become perfect complement to be used in a central lab, where large batches of pelletized, more homogeneous samples need to be analyzed.
Features - Fully-automated analysis of the soluble fraction (amorphous fraction) in polypropylene and other polyolefins.
- Additional analysis of ethylene content and intrinsic viscosity for the soluble fraction, the crystalline fraction and whole sample.
- Fully automated process for 42 samples.
- Dissolution and full analysis of the first sample completed in 3 hours.
- Following samples results are obtained every 2 hours.
- No need for accurate weighing of sample or manual solvent handling.
- No external filtration or solvent evaporation required.
- Highly precise results.
- Compatible with other polyolefin materials such as LDPE and adaptable to other solubility tests (heptane or hexane solubles).
... Read More | The Two-Dimensional Solvent Gradient Interaction Chromatograph (SGIC 2D) instrument is the only high temperature SGIC equipment commercially available. The system performs an analytical fractionation of the polymer according to chemical composition by selective adsorption/desorption on a HPLC columnThe Two-Dimensional Solvent Gradient Interaction Chromatograph (SGIC 2D) instrument is the only high temperature SGIC equipment commercially available. The system performs an analytical fractionation of the polymer according to chemical composition by selective adsorption/desorption on a HPLC column, followed by a second separation according to molar mass on a GPC/SEC column.
The instrument is fully automated and the whole process is controlled by the virtual instrumentation software. The detection is done by a standard infrared detector at the exit of the GPC/SEC columns, which provides a linear response and an outstanding stability, overcoming the limitations in detection found in single dimension SGIC due to the varying mobile phase composition (using TCB as second solvent).
At the end of the analysis, the two-dimensional distribution interrelating molar mass and chemical composition is obtained. This combined information is often required for comprehensive characterization of complex materials. The SGIC 2D is especially suitable for the analysis of samples of low crystallinity or complex polarity distribution, when the classic cross-fractionation technique based on crystallization (TREF-GPC) does not provide the desired separation.
The composition molar mass interdependence is measured in hours instead of days, with limited solvent consumption and no manual intervention, in an intrinsically safe set-up.
Features - Fully automated instrument to measure the chemical composition – molar mass interdependence of complex and functional Polyolefins.
- Of special interest for polar or low crystallinity Polyolefins.
- Detection performed in TCB and in isocratic mode: a linear IR detector can be used instead of a non-linear ELSD. Compatible with molar-mass
- -sensitive detectors.
- No solvents handling, fully automated process, including in-line filtration.
- Flexible definition of the number of fractions and the solvent gradient profile.
- Bivariate distribution results presented as contour or 3D surface graphs.
- Automated analysis of a sequence of samples, with flexibility to use different methods for each one.
... Read More | Temperature Rising Elution Fractionation has been the most comprehensive technique for the characterization of the Chemical Composition Distribution (CCD) in polyolefins, and Polymer Char’s TREF is the first fully automated apparatus implementing this technique.
TREF can be converted into a CRYSTAFTemperature Rising Elution Fractionation has been the most comprehensive technique for the characterization of the Chemical Composition Distribution (CCD) in polyolefins, and Polymer Char’s TREF is the first fully automated apparatus implementing this technique.
TREF can be converted into a CRYSTAF-TREF combined system capable of running both techniques by using the same hardware. Each technique can provide complementary information on the CCD in some complex resins.
Features - Full automation of the TREF techniques to measure the CCD
- 5 samples can be analyzed sequentially with no supervision required, with an analysis time of 6 hours per sample.
- Possibility of adding other detectors like Viscometer or Light Scattering.
- Easy convertible into a CRYSTAF-TREF apparatus.
- Possibility of subambient operation (down to -20ºC) for low crystallinity samples.
... Read More |
| Type | High Resolution Cross-Fractionation Chromatograph | Inquire | Inquire | Two-Dimensional Solvent Gradient Interaction Chromatograph | Temperature Rising Elution Fractionation |
| Applications | Polyolefin characterization | Chemical Composition Distribution (CCD) in Polyolefins | Inquire | Analysis of samples of low crystallinity or complex polarity distribution | Chemical Composition Distribution (CCD) in Polyolefins |
| Detector(s) | Infrared Detector IR4 and IR5 MCT | Infrared Detector IR4 and Viscometer | Infrared Detector IR4 and Viscometer | Infrared Detector IR4 and IR5 MCT | Infrared Detector IR4 and Viscometer |
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