| Description | Product DescriptionEndo-Beta-Galactosidase cleaves internal β(1-4) galactose linkages in unbranched, repeating poly-N-acetyllactosamine structures. Sulfated structures such as keratan sulfate are also cleaved. Branching and/or fucosylation of the substrate may decrease or eliminate cleavage.Product DescriptionEndo-Beta-Galactosidase cleaves internal β(1-4) galactose linkages in unbranched, repeating poly-N-acetyllactosamine structures. Sulfated structures such as keratan sulfate are also cleaved. Branching and/or fucosylation of the substrate may decrease or eliminate cleavage.Endo-Beta-Galactosidase is useful for identifying and removing poly-N-acetyllactosamine structures on many biologically important glycoconjugates.Contents60 µl aliquot of enzyme (0.9 U) in 20 mM tris-HCl, pH 7.51 vial reaction buffer- 250mM Sodium phosphate, pH 5.8pH Optimum: 5.8Molecular Weight32,000 daltonsFormulationThe enzyme is provided as a sterile-filtered solution in 20 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5StabilityStable at least 12 months when stored properly. Several days exposure to ambient temperatures will not reduce activity. Active at least 5 days under reaction conditions.SpecificityInternal β(1-4) galactose linkages in unbranched, repeating poly-N-acetyllactosamine [GlcNAcβ(1-3) Galβ(1-4)]n structures are the preferred substrate. Sulfated structures such as keratan sulfate are also cleaved. Branching and/or fucosylation of the substrate may decrease or eliminate cleavage. Sulfation of C-6 on galactose will block cleavage. Oligosaccharidesof the neo-lacto group are cleaved at greatly educed rates depending on the deviation from the preferred substrate.For example, Galβ(1-3)GlcNAcβ(1-3)Galβ(1-4)Glc is cleaved at 5x10-5 the rate of keratan sulfate(see ref.4). Specificity is similar to the Escherichia freundii enzyme. except that it is limited to cleaving N-acetyllactosamine extensions on tetraantennary structures of erythropoietin(see ref 5).Specific ActivityOne unit of endo-β-Galactosidase is defined as the amount that will liberate one µmole of reducing sugar per minute at 37℃and pH 5.8 from bovine corneal keratan sulfate. Purity Endo-β-Galactosidase is tested for contaminating protease as follows: 10 ug of denatured BSA is incubated for 24 hours at 37℃ with 2 µl of enzyme. SDS-PAGE analysis of the treated BSA shows no evidence of degradation. The production strain of E. coli has been extensively tested and does not produce any detectable glycosidases.Directions for useFor glycoproteins:1. Add up to 100 µg of glycoprotein to a tube.2. Add 4 ul 5X buffer and water to 19 µl.3. Add 1 µl enzyme.4. Incubate at 37℃ for 2 hrs.Procedure for oligosaccharides:Same as above except incubate from several hours to several days depending on the substrate. Add bovine serum albumen to 2 mg/ml to stabilize the protein during extended incubations.ApplicationsEndo-β-Galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.103) cleaves internal β(1-4) galactose linkages in unbranched, repeating polyN-acetyllactosamine structures. Sulfated structures such as keratan sulfate are also cleaved. Branching and/or fucosylation of the substrate may decrease or eliminate cleavage. Endo-β-Galactosidase is useful for identifying and removing poly-N-acetyllactosamine structures on many biologically important glycoconjugates... Read More | Purity:>95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Coomassie® Blue Staining.Description：Receptor for the invariable Fc fragment of immunoglobulin gamma (IgG). Optimally activated upon binding of clustered antigen-IgG complexes displayed on cell surfaces, triggers lysis of antibody-coated cells,Purity:>95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Coomassie® Blue Staining.Description：Receptor for the invariable Fc fragment of immunoglobulin gamma (IgG). Optimally activated upon binding of clustered antigen-IgG complexes displayed on cell surfaces, triggers lysis of antibody-coated cells, a process known as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Does not bind free monomeric IgG, thus avoiding inappropriate effector cell activation in the absence of antigenic trigger (By similarity).Mediates IgG effector functions on natural killer (NK) cells. Binds antigen-IgG complexes generated upon infection and triggers NK cell-dependent cytokine production and degranulation to limit viral load and propagation (By similarity).Fc-binding subunit that associates with FCER1G adapter to form functional signaling complexes. Following the engagement of antigen-IgG complexes, triggers phosphorylation of immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM)-containing adapter with subsequent activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling and sustained elevation of intracellular calcium that ultimately drive NK cell activation (By similarity).Mediates enhanced ADCC in response to afucosylated IgGs (By similarity)... Read More | Purity≥ 95% SDS-PAGE.Additional sequence informationMature chain.FunctionCould be a growth factor active in the process of wound healing. Acts as a mitogen in the lung. May act in a manner similar to FGF-7 | Purity> 97% (SDS-PAGE&HPLC)Endotoxin level<0.1 EU/µgFunctionProduced by macrophages, IFN-alpha have antiviral activities. Interferon stimulates the production of two enzymes: a protein kinase and an oligoadenylate synthetase | Stem Cell Factor (SCF) which binds to the c-Kit receptor is produced by fibroblasts and endothelial cells. The soluble and transmembrane forms of the protein are formed by alternative splicing of the same RNA transcript and the presence of both soluble and transmembrane It is required for normal Stem Cell Factor (SCF) which binds to the c-Kit receptor is produced by fibroblasts and endothelial cells. The soluble and transmembrane forms of the protein are formed by alternative splicing of the same RNA transcript and the presence of both soluble and transmembrane It is required for normal hematopoietic function and plays an important role in hematopoiesis, spermatogenesis, and melanogenesis. It also promotes mast cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, and survival. Human SCF manifests low activity on murine cells, while murine and rat SCF are fully active on human cells. Recombinant murine SCF is an 18.4kDa polypeptide containing 165 amino acid residues.Purity＞97% (SDS-PAGE,HPLC)FunctionLigand for the receptor-type protein-tyrosine kinase KIT. Plays an essential role in the regulation of cell survival and proliferation, hematopoiesis, stem cell maintenance, gametogenesis, mast cell development, migration and function, and in melanogenesis. KITLG/SCF binding can activate several signaling pathways. Promotes phosphorylation of PIK3R1, the regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and subsequent activation of the kinase AKT1. KITLG/SCF and KIT also transmit signals via GRB2 and activation of RAS, RAF1 and the MAP kinases MAPK1/ERK2 and/or MAPK3/ERK1. KITLG/SCF and KIT promote activation of STAT family members STAT1, STAT3 and STAT5. KITLG/SCF and KIT promote activation of PLCG1, leading to the production of the cellular signaling molecules diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. KITLG/SCF acts synergistically with other cytokines, probably interleukins.Post-translationalA soluble form (sKITLG) is produced by proteolytic processing of isoform 1 in the extracellular domain. Found in two differentially glycosylated forms, LMW-SCF and HMW-SCF. LMW-SCF is fully N-glycosylated at Asn-145, partially N-glycosylated at Asn-90, O-glycosylated at Ser-167, Thr-168 and Thr-180, and not glycosylated at Asn-97 or Asn-118. HMW-SCF is N-glycosylated at Asn-118, Asn-90 and Asn-145, O-glycosylated at Ser-167, Thr-168 and Thr-180, and not glycosylated at Asn-97. A soluble form exists as a cleavage product of the extracellular domain... Read More |