| Description | Product DescriptionBeta Galactosidase from Streptococcus pneumoniae releases only β(1-4)- linked, non-reducing terminal galactose from complex carbohydrates and glycoproteins. β(1-4) galactose is by far the most common linkage found in N-linked oligosaccharides. For other galactosidase Product DescriptionBeta Galactosidase from Streptococcus pneumoniae releases only β(1-4)- linked, non-reducing terminal galactose from complex carbohydrates and glycoproteins. β(1-4) galactose is by far the most common linkage found in N-linked oligosaccharides. For other galactosidase linkages, ß(1-3,4,6)-Galactosidase from Bovine testes is recommended. The enzyme is as active on tetraantennary oligosaccharides as on disaccharides containing β(1-4)-linked galactose. Fucose linked to the penultimate N-acetylglucosamine will block cleavage of the galactose. Up to 100 υg of asialofetuin can be completely β(1-4)-degalactosylated in less than 1 hour using 3 mU of enzyme.Contentsß-(1-4) Galactosidase in 20 mM Tris-HCl, 25 mM NaCl (pH 7.5).Included with 20 µL and 60 µL pack sizes:5x Reaction Buffer 6.0 (250 mM sodium phosphate, pH 6.0).Molecular Weight ~250,000 daltonspH optimum 6.0, active over the range 5-7.The supplied buffer concentrate provides the optimal pH for enzyme activity with the standard substrate. If glycosidase treatment is performed at suboptimal pH because of glycoprotein solubility or activity requirements, expect some diminution in enzyme activity.Formulation The enzyme is provided as a sterile-filtered solution in 20 mM Tris-HCl, 25 mM NaCl (pH 7.5).Specific ActivityOne unit of ß-(1-4)-galactosidase is defined as the amount of enzyme required to produce 1 µmole of p-nitrophenol (pNP) in 1 minute at 37°C pH 5 from p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside.Specificity Non-reducing terminal ß(1-4)-Galactose. Number of antennae does not affect cleavage rate. Fucose linked to the penultimate N-acetylglucosamine will block cleavage of the galactose.Stability Stable at least 12 months when stored properly. Several days exposure to ambient temperatures will not reduce activity.Purity ß(1-4)-Galactosidase is tested for contaminating protease as follows: 10 µg of denatured BSA is incubated at 37°C for 24 hours with 2 µl of enzyme. SDS-PAGE analysis of the treated BSA shows no evidence of degradation. The production host strain has been extensively tested and does not produce any detectable glycosidases.Directions for use 1. Add up to 100 µg of asialoglycoprotein or 1 nmol of oligosaccharide to tube. 2. Add deionized water to a total of 14 µl. 3. Add 4 µl of 5x Reaction Buffer 6.0. 4. Add 2 µl ß(1-4) Galactosidase. 5. Incubate at 37°C for 1 hour. For glycoproteins, cleavage may be monitored by SDS-PAGE if the size differential between native and de-galactosylated protein is sufficient for detection. Note: The optimum pH for cleavage of oligosaccharides is ~6... Read More | Inquire | Purity> 95% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses.FunctionGrowth factor that controls proliferation and cellular differentiation in the retina and bone formation. Plays a key role in regulating apoptosis during retinal development. Establishes dorsal-ventral positional information in the retina and Purity> 95% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses.FunctionGrowth factor that controls proliferation and cellular differentiation in the retina and bone formation. Plays a key role in regulating apoptosis during retinal development. Establishes dorsal-ventral positional information in the retina and controls the formation of the retinotectal map (PubMed:23307924). Required for normal formation of bones and joints in the limbs, skull, digits and axial skeleton. Plays a key role in establishing boundaries between skeletal elements during development. Regulation of GDF6 expression seems to be a mechanism for evolving species-specific changes in skeletal strucutres. Seems to positively regulates differentiation of chondrogenic tissue through the growth factor receptors subunits BMPR1A, BMPR1B, BMPR2 and ACVR2A, leading to the activation of SMAD1-SMAD5-SMAD8 complex. The regulation of chondrogenic differentiation is inhibited by NOG (PubMed:26643732). Also involved in the induction of adipogenesis from mesenchymal stem cells. This mechanism acts through the growth factor receptors subunits BMPR1A, BMPR2 and ACVR2A and the activation of SMAD1-SMAD5-SMAD8 complex and MAPK14/p38... Read More | Purity:>90%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Coomassie® Blue Staining.Description：IL12 is a cytokine that acts on T and natural killer cells, and has a broad array of biological activities. It is a disulfide-linked heterodimer composed of the 40 kD cytokine receptor like subunit and a 35 Purity:>90%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Coomassie® Blue Staining.Description：IL12 is a cytokine that acts on T and natural killer cells, and has a broad array of biological activities. It is a disulfide-linked heterodimer composed of the 40 kD cytokine receptor like subunit and a 35 kD subunit. This cytokine is expressed by activated macrophages that serve as an essential inducer of Th1 cells development. IL12 has been found to be important for sustaining a sufficient number of memory/effector Th1 cells to mediate long-term protection to an intracellular pathogen. Recombinant human IL12 protein, fused to His-tag at C-terminus, was expressed in insect cells using baculovirus expression system and purified by using conventional chromatography techniques... Read More | Purity>97% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses.FunctionPlays an important role in the organization of the cytoskeleton (By similarity). Binds to and sequesters actin monomers (G actin) and therefore inhibits actin polymerization. Seraspenide inhibits the entry of hematopoeitic pluripotent stem cells Purity>97% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses.FunctionPlays an important role in the organization of the cytoskeleton (By similarity). Binds to and sequesters actin monomers (G actin) and therefore inhibits actin polymerization. Seraspenide inhibits the entry of hematopoeitic pluripotent stem cells into the S-phase... Read More |