| Description | IgE is the least abundant immunoglobulin in plasma, found at a concentration of less that 0.6 micrograms/ml of normal plasma. Elevated IgE levels are found in patients experiencing severe allergic reactions and parasitic infections. In a myeloma condition, IgE is produced by a single clone of plasmaIgE is the least abundant immunoglobulin in plasma, found at a concentration of less that 0.6 micrograms/ml of normal plasma. Elevated IgE levels are found in patients experiencing severe allergic reactions and parasitic infections. In a myeloma condition, IgE is produced by a single clone of plasma cells. The structure of myeloma IgE, however, is normal, and the immunoglobulin purified from a myeloma source is a useful protein for studying immunoglobulin behavior.Prepared from plasma shown to be non reactive for HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HBc, and negative for anti-HIV 1 & 2 by FDA approved tests.Product Citations:Janssen, Kris PF, et al. "Multiplexed protein detection using an affinity aptamer amplification assay." Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry 404, no. 6-7 (2012): 2073-2081.Schachermeyer, Samantha, et al. "Aptamer-Protein Binding Detected by Asymmetric Flow Field Flow Fractionation."Journal of Chromatography A (2013).Abe, Takaaki, et al. "Antibody against immunoglobulin E contained in blood components as causative factor for anaphylactic transfusion reactions." Transfusion (2014).Kashiwakura, Jun-ichi, et al. "Most highly cytokinergic IgEs have polyreactivity to autoantigens." Allergy, asthma & immunology research 4, no. 6 (2012): 332-340.Oh SS, et al. Synthetic aptamer-polymer hybrid constructs for programmed drug delivery into specific target cells.J Am Chem Soc. 2014 Oct 22;136(42):15010-5. doi: 10.1021/ja5079464. Epub 2014 Oct 7.Cao J, Wang H, Liu Y. Petal-like CdS nanospheres-based electrochemiluminescence aptasensor for detection of IgE with gold nanoparticles amplification. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2015;151:274-9. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.06.104. Epub 2015 Jun 29.Liu YM, et al. Aptamer-based detection and quantitative analysis of human immunoglobulin E in capillary electrophoresis with chemiluminescence detection. Electrophoresis. 2015 Oct;36(19):2413-8. doi: 10.1002/elps.201500158. Epub 2015 Jul 29.Poongavanam MV, Kisley L, Kourentzi K, Landes CF, Willson RC.Ensemble and single-molecule biophysical characterization of D17.4 DNA aptamer-IgE interactions. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2016 Jan;1864(1):154-64. doi: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2015.08.008. Epub 2015 Aug 22.Garman L, Smith K, Muns EE, Velte CA, et al. Unique Inflammatory Mediators and Specific IgE Levels Distinguish Local from Systemic Reactions after Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed Vaccination. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2016 Aug 5;23(8):664-71. doi: 10.1128/CVI.00092-16. Print 2016 Aug.Ref:Ishiaka, K.1985. Methods Enzymol. 116, 76... Read More | Purity:>95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Coomassie® Blue Staining. Description： 100B, previously called S100 beta, belongs to the S100 family within the EF-hand superfamily of Ca2+ binding proteins. S100 proteins contain two EF-hand motifs that differ in affinity, separated by a hingePurity:>95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Coomassie® Blue Staining. Description： 100B, previously called S100 beta, belongs to the S100 family within the EF-hand superfamily of Ca2+ binding proteins. S100 proteins contain two EF-hand motifs that differ in affinity, separated by a hinge region with a hydrophobic cleft that is exposed upon Ca2+ binding. S100B is a 91 amino acid (aa) protein, after removal of the initial methionine, and is found as homodimers of 10.4 kDa monomers. Human S100B shares 99%, 98%, 100%, 99% and 97% aa sequence identity with mouse, rat, rabbit, equine and bovine S100B, respectively. Within the S100 family, human S100B shows the highest aa identity (59%) with S100A1. S100B is expressed primarily by astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system, and by Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. Ca2+-bound S100B interacts in vitro with at least 20 cytoplasmic proteins, including several structural molecules such as tubulin and GFAP. It can inhibit the phosphorylation of these kinase substrates and others such as tau and neuromodulin. Astrocytes can secrete S100B, which then acts in a cytokine-like manner. Nanomolar concentrations of S100B are secreted constitutively, promote proliferation, and are neurotrophic and anti-apoptotic. Blood levels of S100B reflect extracellular concentrations within the nervous system, and are elevated in Down’s syndrome, Alzheimer’s disease and Tourette’s syndrome, metabolic stress, acute brain injury and brain tumors. Micromolar concentrations of S100B can be destructive and pro-apoptotic; they induce the expression of iNOS, COX-2, IL-1, IL‑6 and TNF-alpha by microglia, astrocytes or neurons. Most extracellular actions of S100B can be mediated by RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end products), which is also a receptor for other S100 proteins... Read More | Purity:>90%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Coomassie® Blue Staining.Description：SOD2 is part of the iron/manganese superoxide dismutase family. It encodes a mitochondrial protein that forms a homotetramer and binds one manganese ion per subunit. SOD2 binds to the superoxide byproducts Purity:>90%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Coomassie® Blue Staining.Description：SOD2 is part of the iron/manganese superoxide dismutase family. It encodes a mitochondrial protein that forms a homotetramer and binds one manganese ion per subunit. SOD2 binds to the superoxide byproducts of oxidative phosphorylation and converts them to hydrogen peroxide and diatomic oxygen. Mutations in SOD2 gene have been associated with idiopathic cardiomyopathy (IDC), premature aging, sporadic motor neuron disease, and cancer. SOD2 destroys radicals which are usually produced within the cells and which are toxic to biological systems... Read More | Ribonuclease T1 is an endoribonuclease, highly specific for the cleavage of RNA or deaminated RNA between guanosine 3'-phosphate residues (or inosine 3'-phosphate) and the 5'-OH residues of adjacent nucleotides with the formation of the corresponding intermediate 2', 3'-cyclic phosphates. It cleavesRibonuclease T1 is an endoribonuclease, highly specific for the cleavage of RNA or deaminated RNA between guanosine 3'-phosphate residues (or inosine 3'-phosphate) and the 5'-OH residues of adjacent nucleotides with the formation of the corresponding intermediate 2', 3'-cyclic phosphates. It cleaves single-stranded RNA releasing oligonucleotides from the guanosine 3'-phosphate termini. The enzyme has a molecular weight of 11 kDa. The optimum pH is 7.5. RNase T1 is inhibited by Ag+, Zn2+, Cu2+, and Hg2+ at 1 X 10-3 M. The stimulatory effects of both histidine and EDTA are attributed to chelation of contaminating inhibitor cations. The enzyme assay is essentially the method of Egami et al., Prog. in Nucleic Acid Res. and Molec. Biol., III, 59 (1964) based upon the release of acid soluble oligonucleotides following the digestion of yeast RNA.Ribonuclease T1 (RNase T1) from Aspergillus oryzae is used to digest denatured RNA prior to sequencing and is used for protein folding studies. ApplicationRibonuclease T1 has extensive applications in molecular cloning and DNA sequencing. Because of its specificity it has been a commonly used cleavage enzyme for the determination of structure, nearest neighbor frequencies, and RNA sequencing. The enzyme has further application in the preparation of nucleoside 2',3'-cyclic phosphates, the synthesis of oligonucleotides, and the removal of RNA from DNA preparations. The enzyme is also used as a non-mammalian source of RNase in various applications... Read More | TMB (3, 3', 5, 5'-tetramethylbenzidine) is a chromogenic substrate for Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP). TMB produces a deep blue color during the enzymatic degradation of hydrogen peroxide by HRP.TMB-D Blotting liquid ready-to-use substrate is a highly active and stable blotting substrate utilized for TMB (3, 3', 5, 5'-tetramethylbenzidine) is a chromogenic substrate for Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP). TMB produces a deep blue color during the enzymatic degradation of hydrogen peroxide by HRP.TMB-D Blotting liquid ready-to-use substrate is a highly active and stable blotting substrate utilized for measuring HRP probe activity. A stable blue precipitate is formed at the reaction site.The substrate does not contain NMP (1-methyl2-pyrrolidone) making it REACH Restricted Substances List Annex XVII compliant, while ensuring maximal safety during use, and minimal negative environmental impact.Product Characteristics TMB (3, 3', 5, 5'-tetramethylbenzidine) is a chromogenic substrate for Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP). TMB produces a deep blue color during the enzymatic degradation of hydrogen peroxide by HRP.TMB-D Blotting liquid ready-to-use substrate is a highly active and stable blotting substrate utilized for measuring HRP probe activity. A stable blue precipitate is formed at the reaction site. The substrate does not contain NMP (1-methyl-2- pyrrolidone) making it REACH Restricted Substances List Annex XVII compliant, while ensuring maximal safety during use, and minimal waste problems after use.Composition & Properties Ready-to-use substrate: Includes substrate buffer and hydrogen peroxide. No other reagents should be added.Working Procedure The following procedure is applicable to nitrocellulose membranes. The procedure must be optimized for other membranes.1.The desired amount of substrate is poured into a sealed container and allowed to reach room temperature, in the dark, before use. 2.After the last incubation with HRP-labelled Streptavidin or HRP-labelled secondary antibody it is recommended to wash the membrane in a 0.1 M Tris buffer pH 7.4.3.Shake off the excess buffer and incubate the membrane in the TMB-D Blotting solution for 10 minutes. 4.Wash the membrane in distilled water and allow it to dry. 5.The site of positive reaction will appear light blue with no or very little background staining.Tips & Tricks • The membrane can be blocked with Kementec’s Synthetic Blocking Buffer for Blotting, (cat. no. S494457). • For long-term preservation of the results, the membranes must be stored in the dark.Handling & Storage • Store solution at 2-8⁰C in the dark. • Avoid exposure to light, heat and contamination with metal ions or peroxidase. • Re-dispense only into bottles made of High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE), amber color. Dispensing guidelines are available upon request... Read More |