| Description | EFHD2 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A contains three designed siRNAs for EFHD2 gene (Human), as well as a negative control, a positive control, and a FAM-labeled negative control. Components EFHD2 siRNA-1: 5 nmol (HPLC) EFHD2 siRNA-2: 5 nmol (HPLC) EFHD2 siRNA-3: 5 nmol (HPLC) siRNA Negative Control:EFHD2 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A contains three designed siRNAs for EFHD2 gene (Human), as well as a negative control, a positive control, and a FAM-labeled negative control. Components EFHD2 siRNA-1: 5 nmol (HPLC) EFHD2 siRNA-2: 5 nmol (HPLC) EFHD2 siRNA-3: 5 nmol (HPLC) siRNA Negative Control: 5 nmol (HPLC) FAM-labeled siRNA Negative Control: 5 nmol (HPLC) GAPDH siRNA Positive Control:5 nmol (HPLC)... Read More | Protein Purity≥85% by SDS PAGEExtinction CoeffA280 nm = 0.974 at 1.0 mg/ml for pure C3bMolecular Weight185,000 Da (2 chains)General DescriptionCynomolgus monkey C3 (cyno C3) is purified from pooled normal cynomolgus monkey serum. C3 is central to the activation of all three pathways of Protein Purity≥85% by SDS PAGEExtinction CoeffA280 nm = 0.974 at 1.0 mg/ml for pure C3bMolecular Weight185,000 Da (2 chains)General DescriptionCynomolgus monkey C3 (cyno C3) is purified from pooled normal cynomolgus monkey serum. C3 is central to the activation of all three pathways of complement activation (Law, S.K.A. and Reid, K.B.M. (1995)). Initiation of each pathway generates proteolytic enzyme complexes (C3 convertases) which are bound to the target surface. These enzymes cleave a peptide bond in C3 releasing the anaphylatoxin C3a and activating C3b. For a brief time (~60 µs) this nascent C3b is capable of reacting with and covalently coupling to hydroxyl groups on the target surface. Carbohydrates are the favored target, but protein hydroxyls and amino groups also react. This process of tagging the target surface with C3b is called opsonization. The reactive site in nascent C3b is a thioester (Tack B.J., et al. (1980); Pangburn M.K. and MüllerEberhard H.J. (1980)) and C3b is linked to the target through a covalent ester bond (an amide bond is formed if C3b is attached to amino groups). Most of the C3 activated during complement activation never attaches to the surface because its thioester reacts with water forming fluid phase C3b which is rapidly inactivated by factors H and I forming iC3b. Surface-bound C3b is necessary in all three pathways for efficient activation of C5 and formation of C5b-9 complexes that lyse the target cell membrane. Surface-bound C3b and its breakdown products iC3b and C3d are recognized by numerous receptors on lymphoid and phagocytic cells which use the C3b ligand to stimulate antigen presentation to cells of the adaptive immune system. The end result is an expansion of target-specific B-cell and T-cell populations.Physical Characteristics & StructureCynomolgus monkey C3 is an uncharacterized protein. The calculated molecular weight based on its amino acid sequence is 184,926 daltons similar to that of human C3 (185,000 daltons). Like human C3, cyno C3 is composed of two disulfide-linked chains. Analysis of purified cyno C3 by SDS/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under non-reduced conditions shows the mobility of cyno C3 to be similar to that of human C3. Under reduced conditions, the migration of the alpha chain of cyno C3 is comparable to that of human C3 alpha chain (110,000 daltons) while the beta chain migrates slightly ahead of the human C3 beta chain (75,000daltons).The extinction coefficient of cyno C3 is calculated from its amino acid sequence using ProtParam and assumes all pairs of Cys residues form cystines (i.e. a pair of cystine molecules are joined by a disulfide bond). The theoretical pI value for cyno monkey C3 is 6.03. Employing immunoturbidimetric method the serum concentration of cyno C3 has been reported to be 1.27 mg/ml in males and 1.1 mg/ml in female monkeys (Park H-K et al., (2016)). FunctionThe biological functions of C3 are described above in the General Description and Physical Characteristics sections.GeneticsCynomolgus monkey C3 chromosome location 19. The NCBI Gene ID number for Cynomolgus monkey C3 is 102131458 and UniProt accession number is A0A2K5VPN1.Precautions/Toxicity/HazardsThis protein is purified from animal serum and therefore precautions appropriate for handling any animal blood-derived product must be used.ReferencesLaw, S.K.A. and Reid, K.B.M. (1995) Complement 2nd Edition (ISBN 0199633568) Oxford University Press, Oxford.Tack BF, Harrison RA, Janatova J, Thomas ML, Prahl JW. (1980) Evidence for presence of an internal thiolester bond in third component of human complement. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 77:5764-8.Pangburn M.K. and Müller-Eberhard H.J. (1980) Relation of putative thioester bond in C3 to activation of the alternative pathway and the binding of C3b to biological targets of complement. J Exp Med. 152:1102-14.Park H-K, Cho J-W, Lee B-S, Park H, Han J-S, Yang M-J, Im W-J, Park D-Y, Kim W-J, Han SC, Kim Y-B. (2016) Reference values of clinical pathology parameters in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) used in preclinical studies. Lab Anim Res. 32(2):79-86... Read More | Purity:>90%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Coomassie® Blue Staining.Description：SOD2 is part of the iron/manganese superoxide dismutase family. It encodes a mitochondrial protein that forms a homotetramer and binds one manganese ion per subunit. SOD2 binds to the superoxide byproducts Purity:>90%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Coomassie® Blue Staining.Description：SOD2 is part of the iron/manganese superoxide dismutase family. It encodes a mitochondrial protein that forms a homotetramer and binds one manganese ion per subunit. SOD2 binds to the superoxide byproducts of oxidative phosphorylation and converts them to hydrogen peroxide and diatomic oxygen. Mutations in SOD2 gene have been associated with idiopathic cardiomyopathy (IDC), premature aging, sporadic motor neuron disease, and cancer. SOD2 destroys radicals which are usually produced within the cells and which are toxic to biological systems... Read More | Ribonuclease T1 is an endoribonuclease, highly specific for the cleavage of RNA or deaminated RNA between guanosine 3'-phosphate residues (or inosine 3'-phosphate) and the 5'-OH residues of adjacent nucleotides with the formation of the corresponding intermediate 2', 3'-cyclic phosphates. It cleavesRibonuclease T1 is an endoribonuclease, highly specific for the cleavage of RNA or deaminated RNA between guanosine 3'-phosphate residues (or inosine 3'-phosphate) and the 5'-OH residues of adjacent nucleotides with the formation of the corresponding intermediate 2', 3'-cyclic phosphates. It cleaves single-stranded RNA releasing oligonucleotides from the guanosine 3'-phosphate termini. The enzyme has a molecular weight of 11 kDa. The optimum pH is 7.5. RNase T1 is inhibited by Ag+, Zn2+, Cu2+, and Hg2+ at 1 X 10-3 M. The stimulatory effects of both histidine and EDTA are attributed to chelation of contaminating inhibitor cations. The enzyme assay is essentially the method of Egami et al., Prog. in Nucleic Acid Res. and Molec. Biol., III, 59 (1964) based upon the release of acid soluble oligonucleotides following the digestion of yeast RNA.Ribonuclease T1 (RNase T1) from Aspergillus oryzae is used to digest denatured RNA prior to sequencing and is used for protein folding studies. ApplicationRibonuclease T1 has extensive applications in molecular cloning and DNA sequencing. Because of its specificity it has been a commonly used cleavage enzyme for the determination of structure, nearest neighbor frequencies, and RNA sequencing. The enzyme has further application in the preparation of nucleoside 2',3'-cyclic phosphates, the synthesis of oligonucleotides, and the removal of RNA from DNA preparations. The enzyme is also used as a non-mammalian source of RNase in various applications... Read More | TMB (3, 3', 5, 5'-tetramethylbenzidine) is a chromogenic substrate for Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP). TMB produces a deep blue color during the enzymatic degradation of hydrogen peroxide by HRP.TMB-D Blotting liquid ready-to-use substrate is a highly active and stable blotting substrate utilized for TMB (3, 3', 5, 5'-tetramethylbenzidine) is a chromogenic substrate for Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP). TMB produces a deep blue color during the enzymatic degradation of hydrogen peroxide by HRP.TMB-D Blotting liquid ready-to-use substrate is a highly active and stable blotting substrate utilized for measuring HRP probe activity. A stable blue precipitate is formed at the reaction site.The substrate does not contain NMP (1-methyl2-pyrrolidone) making it REACH Restricted Substances List Annex XVII compliant, while ensuring maximal safety during use, and minimal negative environmental impact.Product Characteristics TMB (3, 3', 5, 5'-tetramethylbenzidine) is a chromogenic substrate for Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP). TMB produces a deep blue color during the enzymatic degradation of hydrogen peroxide by HRP.TMB-D Blotting liquid ready-to-use substrate is a highly active and stable blotting substrate utilized for measuring HRP probe activity. A stable blue precipitate is formed at the reaction site. The substrate does not contain NMP (1-methyl-2- pyrrolidone) making it REACH Restricted Substances List Annex XVII compliant, while ensuring maximal safety during use, and minimal waste problems after use.Composition & Properties Ready-to-use substrate: Includes substrate buffer and hydrogen peroxide. No other reagents should be added.Working Procedure The following procedure is applicable to nitrocellulose membranes. The procedure must be optimized for other membranes.1.The desired amount of substrate is poured into a sealed container and allowed to reach room temperature, in the dark, before use. 2.After the last incubation with HRP-labelled Streptavidin or HRP-labelled secondary antibody it is recommended to wash the membrane in a 0.1 M Tris buffer pH 7.4.3.Shake off the excess buffer and incubate the membrane in the TMB-D Blotting solution for 10 minutes. 4.Wash the membrane in distilled water and allow it to dry. 5.The site of positive reaction will appear light blue with no or very little background staining.Tips & Tricks • The membrane can be blocked with Kementec’s Synthetic Blocking Buffer for Blotting, (cat. no. S494457). • For long-term preservation of the results, the membranes must be stored in the dark.Handling & Storage • Store solution at 2-8⁰C in the dark. • Avoid exposure to light, heat and contamination with metal ions or peroxidase. • Re-dispense only into bottles made of High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE), amber color. Dispensing guidelines are available upon request... Read More |