| Description | Starch is a high polymer of carbohydrates, and it is a mixture composed of two polysaccharides, namely amylose and amylopectin. Starch requires the action of stable high-temperature-resistant amylase to produce shorter-chain dextrins. Glucoamylase is mainly used for the hydrolysis of starch in the Starch is a high polymer of carbohydrates, and it is a mixture composed of two polysaccharides, namely amylose and amylopectin. Starch requires the action of stable high-temperature-resistant amylase to produce shorter-chain dextrins. Glucoamylase is mainly used for the hydrolysis of starch in the production of glucose syrup, high-fructose corn syrup, and alcohol. This product is refined and extracted from the excellent strain of Aspergillus niger through submerged fermentation. It is widely used in industries such as winemaking, starch processing, starch sugar, alcohol, monosodium glutamate, and antibiotics.Working MechanismStarch glucosidase, also known as glucoamylase, can start from the non-reducing end of the starch molecule and hydrolyze the α-1,4 glycosidic bond, thereby producing 6-C and D-glucose. This enzyme can also hydrolyze the α-1,6 glucosidic bond.Product CharacteristicsThe pH range of this product is 4.0-4.5, and the applicable pH range is 3.0-5.5.The temperature range of this product is 40-60℃ (104-140°F), and the optimal temperature range is 58-60℃ (136-140°F).Usage MethodsThis product is used in the manufacturing industries of brewing yeast, starch, citric acid, etc. The enzyme addition amount is 100-300 U/g (at pH 4.0-5.0 and temperature 60℃).1. Alcohol Industry (using starchy materials as raw materials): When the mash is cooked and cooled to 59±1℃, add glucoamylase, stir evenly, keep it warm for 30 minutes, and then cool it down before sending it for fermentation. The recommended enzyme addition amount is 120-150 U/g of raw material. (If the quality of the raw material is poor or it is moldy and deteriorated, the enzyme addition amount should be increased to 150-180 U/g of raw material.)2. Liquor Industry: After the solid fermented grains are cooked and cooled to the required temperature range, add the required amount of glucoamylase into the slurry water, and then evenly add it to the fermented grains (it can also be used together with Daqu and yeast). Recommended usage amount: 250-300 U/g of raw material. (Note: The usage amount of glucoamylase in liquor production should be determined according to the length of the fermentation cycle.)3. Starch Sugar Industry: The addition ratio is 100-300 U/g (at pH 4.2-4.5). Keep the temperature of the mixture at 60℃.4. Beer Industry: Add it before saccharification or fermentation.5. Wine Brewing and Vinegar Manufacturing Industry: Adding fermented yeast with enzymes can improve the yield.Storage ConditionsThis product is a biologically active substance and should be stored in a low-temperature and dry place, avoiding direct sunlight. When stored at room temperature (25℃) for three months, the enzyme activity is not lower than the marked enzyme activity. When stored at low temperature (below 25℃, but not frozen), its activity can be maintained for a longer time.PrecautionsThis product is non-toxic and biodegradable. Avoid unnecessary contact, as long-term contact with proteins in some products may make some people sensitive to this product. After each contact with the product, wash hands with warm water and soap, and keep the product out of the reach of children... Read More | Inquire | Inquire | Product IntroductionHuman epidermal growth factor (EGF) has a molecular weight of 6 KD, contains 53 amino acids, and has three intramolecular disulfide bonds.Upon binding to EGFR, a specific receptor located on the cell surface, EGF causes a series of biochemical reactions in the cell: increasing Product IntroductionHuman epidermal growth factor (EGF) has a molecular weight of 6 KD, contains 53 amino acids, and has three intramolecular disulfide bonds.Upon binding to EGFR, a specific receptor located on the cell surface, EGF causes a series of biochemical reactions in the cell: increasing the level of calcium ion concentration in the cell, promoting the progress of glycolysis, increasing the synthesis of proteins, and can enhance the expression of EGFR, a specific class of genes to promote DNA synthesis and cell proliferation.Specification parametersSource Pichia pastorisAppearance white lyophilized powderActivity ≥1.0×106IU/mgpH 6.5-7.5Molecular weight 6.5kDEndotoxin ≦1.0 EU/mgCAS No 62253-63-8Matters needing attentionReconstitution: reconstitution of REGF lyophilized powder to 100-200 µg/ml with sterile water is recommended and further dilution with other solvents may be performed.REGF dissolved at 4 ° C can be stored for 2-7 days and used up as soon as possible.To not use for short periods, store at - 20 ℃.Use as soon as possible after opening to avoid contamination.Limitations of useIt is suitable for research, laboratory and production use only and cannot be used directly in humans... Read More | Purity>97% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses.FunctionMay be involved in macrophage-mediated cellular proliferation. It is mitogenic for fibroblasts and smooth muscle but not endothelial cells. It is able to bind EGF receptors with higher affinity than EGF itself and is a far more potent mitogen for Purity>97% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses.FunctionMay be involved in macrophage-mediated cellular proliferation. It is mitogenic for fibroblasts and smooth muscle but not endothelial cells. It is able to bind EGF receptors with higher affinity than EGF itself and is a far more potent mitogen for smooth muscle cells than EGF. Also acts as a diphtheria toxin receptor.Background:Human HB-EGF (Heparin-Binding EGF-like growth factor) is a 12-16 kDa member of the EGF family of peptide growth factors (1-3). Also known as the DTR (diphtheria toxin receptor), it is further classified as a group 2 ErbB ligand based on its ability to activate both the EGF/ErbB1 and ErbB4 receptors (4, 5). HB-EGF is synthesized as a 208 amino acid (aa) type I transmembrane preproprecursor (1, 6). It contains a 19 aa signal sequence, a 43 aa prosegment, an 86 aa mature region (aa 63-148), an 11 aa juxtamembrane cleavage peptide, a 24 aa transmembrane segment, and a 25 aa cytoplasmic tail (aa 184-208). As an integral membrane protein, HB-EGF is expressed as a 19-27 kDa protein in mammalian cells (7-9). The variability in molecular weight (MW) is attributed to heterogeneity in glycosylation and/or the utilization of multiple proteolytic cleavage sites during maturation. Mature HB-EGF is a soluble peptide that arises from proteolytic processing of the transmembrane form. It possesses an EGF-like domain between aa 104-144, and a heparin-binding motif between aa 93‑113. Although the aa range for "mature" HB-EGF is typically stated to be Asp63-Leu148, potential N-terminal start (cleavage) sites also exist at Gly32, Arg73, Val74, Ser77 and Ala82 (8, 10-12). Thus, differential processing (in part) likely accounts for the 16-23 kDa range in MW noted for mammalian-derived mature HB-EGF. Proteases suggested to contribute to HB-EGF processing include TACE, MMP-3 and -7, ADAM-17 and ADAM-12 (11, 13-16). When expressed recombinantly in E.coli, HB-EGF (aa 73-148) runs at 14 kDa in SDS-PAGE; when expressed in Baculovirus, HB-EGF (aa 63-148, 77-148 and 32-148) runs at 18 kDa, 15 kDa, and 19 kDa respectively (8, 12, 17). Over aa 63-148, human HB-EGF- shares 76% and 73% aa sequence identity with rat and mouse HB-EGF, respectively (1, 18). Cells known to express HB-EGF include bronchial epithelium (19), visceral and vascular smooth muscle (20, 21), CD4+ T cells (22), cardiac muscle (23), glomerular podocytes (24), keratinocytes (13) and IL-10-secreting regulatory macrophages (25). As noted earlier, HB-EGF is known to bind to both 170 kDa EGFR and 180 kDa ErbB4, and through heterodimerization, ErbB2 (13, 26). Activity associated with ErbB4 binding appears to be limited to non-mitogenic actions, while EGFR binding induces both mitogenic and non-mitogenic activity... Read More |