| Applications | Analysis of water equilibration, carbonates, and atmospheric gases (e.g., CO2, O2/N2). | Clumped isotope analysis, paleoclimate, geosciences, compound-specific IRMS (GC-IRMS), carbonate analysis, triple isotope analysis | Food authenticity and origin, environmental forensics, doping control, criminal forensics, geosciences, ecology | Geoscience, Food Safety, Environmental Science, Forensics, Petroleum, Exploration, Marine Science, Agronomy | Streamlining workflows for sensitive, precise, online determination of 13C/12C ratios in applications such as food integrity, metabolism and physiology studies, drug origin verification, forensics, archaeology, doping control, and biogeochemistry research. |