Spectrophotometers are used to measure the concentration of a known substance in a solution. They do this by passing a light through the substance and measuring light intensity as a function of wavelength. Either single beam or double beam spectrophotometers can be purchased. In a single beam spectrophotometer, a reference standard is used to measure light intensity before and after the sample is loaded. For double beam spectrophotometers the beam is split with one beam passing through the standard and the other through the sample to compare intensities. While single beam spectrophotometers are typically less expensive and have higher sensitivity, double beam spectrophotometers tend to be more stable and easier to use. Spectrophotometers are important pieces of equipment in chemistry, physics, biochemistry, clinical, and materials testing labs.
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