A total organic carbon analyzer (also referred to as TOC analyzers) measures the amount of total organic carbon present in a liquid or water sample. TOC detection is important because of the effects that TOCs may have on health, not to mention the environmental effects and implications for the pharmaceutical manufacturing processes. Since all total organic carbon analyzers only measure total carbon, a TOC analyzer always requires some accounting for the inorganic carbon (IC) that is always present.
TOC analyzers, including a portable TOC analyzer, utilize the same basic technique where acid is added to the liquid sample to remove IC. At this point, the IC is converted into carbon dioxide gas. It is then stripped out of the liquid by a carrier gas where the remaining inorganic carbon-free sample is then oxidized and the carbon dioxide generated from the oxidation process is directly related to the TOC total organic carbon in the sample. There are several methods for introducing the sample to TOC analyzers, including using a syringe, autosampler, and loop sampling. An important specification for total organic carbon analyzers is the measuring range. Carrier gas flow rate, average analysis time and process temperature are important as well for total organic carbon analysis.
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Analytik Jena
- TC, TIC, TOC, NPOC, POC, and TNb
- High temperature combustion / Wet chemical oxidation by UV radiation (254 nm+185 nm) /persulfate dependent on instrument configuration
- 0–30,000 mg/L C
- 1 µg/L C - 50 µg/L C dependent on instrument configuration
- Approx. 3–5 min for each parameter
Analytik Jena
- TC, TOC, TIC, EC and BOC
- High-temperature combustion
- 0 – 100 % C at 0.5 g sample or 500 mg C absolute
0 – 20 % S at 75 mg sample or 15 mg S absolute
0 – 10 % Cl at 100 mg sample or 10 mg Cl absolute - Carbon - 3 ppm at 3 g sample weight or 10 µg C abs | Sulfur - 3 ppm at 3 g sample weight or 10 µg S abs. | Chlorine - 0.3 ppm at 3 g sample
weight or 1 µg Cl abs.
- C/S determination (simultaneous or separate): at least 3 minutes,
Cl determination: 3 - 10 minutes
Analytik Jena
- TOC, EOX or AOX/TOX
- Combustion
- Carbon - 100 wt-% (organics) 10,000 mg/L (water), Nitrogen - 10,000 mg/L, Sulfur - 40,000 mg/L, Chlorine - 100,000 mg/L
- Carbon - 100 µg/L (organics) 200 µg/L (water), Nitrogen - 10 µg/L, Sulfur - 5 µg/L, Sulfur - 600 µg/L, Chlorine - 50 µg/L (“high sensitive”)
- Approx. 3 – 5 min (V) C/N/S, 3 – 8 min C/N/S (H) and Cl (V/H)
Analytik Jena
- Microcoulometry, NDIR, for AOX, EOX, POX, TOC, TX/TOX
- Combustion
- AOX/ EOX/ POX/ TX/ TOX determination - up to 1,000 µg Cl absolute
TOC determination - up to 10,000 mg/l TOC - AOX/ EOX/ POX/ TX/ TOX determination - 10 ng Cl absolute
TOC determination - 0.2 mg/l - AOX/EOX/TX: approx. 8 - 10 min depending on concentration and application
TOC: approx. 3 - 5 min depending on concentration and application
ELTRA
- Carbon, Hydrogen, Sulfur
- Thermal Combustion
- 0.005 – 100 %
- Inquire
- 60 - 180 s
ELTRA
- Carbon, Hydrogen, Sulfur
- Thermal Combustion
- 25 to 500 mg (carbon), 10 to 100 mg (sulfur)
- Inquire
- 60 - 180 s
ELTRA
- Sulfur, Carbon
- Thermal Combustion
- 25 to 500 mg (carbon), 10 to 100 mg (sulfur)
- 5 ug (carbon), 1 ug (sulfur)
- 60 to 120 s
Shimadzu
- TOC, conductivity (or specific resistance), and temperature
- TOC: 0 to 2000 µg/L; Conductivity: 0.023 to 206 µS/cm (without temperature correction)
- TOC: 0.1 µg/L
- 2.5 min, 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 30 min, 1 hr, 2 hrs, 4 hrs, 12 hrs, or 24 hrs measurement cycle
Shimadzu
- TC, NPOC, IC-POC M, TN
- Combustion Oxidation / Non-Dispersive Infrared Gas Detection
- 5 to 20,000 mgC/L
- Inquire
- 4 min
Shimadzu
- TC, IC, TOC and NPOC;
(POC, TOC via POC + NPOC and TN : Optional) - Combustion Catalytic Oxidation Method
(Non-Dispersive Infrared detection Method) - TC: 0 to 30,000 mg/L, IC: 0 to 35,000 mg/L
- 4 or 50 ug/L (TC)
- 3 or 4 min
Shimadzu
- TC, IC, TOC, NPOC
- Wet Chemical (Heat-UV-Persulfate)
- TC: 0-3,500 mg/L, IC: 0-3,500 mg/L
- 0.5 µg/L
- ~ 4 minutes
Elementar Americas
- TOC, TOC400, TIC, TIC900, TC, ROC, TN
- Inquire
- Inquire
- Inquire
- Inquire
Analytik Jena
- TC, TIC, TOC, DOC, NPOC, NPOCplus; optional TNb (CLD or ChD)
- Catalytic high-temperature combustion up to 950°C; optional catalyst-free oxidation up to 1300°C (solids with HT 1300 module)
- 0–30,000 mg/L C; TNb: 0–200 mg/L (CLD) or 0–100 mg/L (ChD)
- 50 µg/L C; TNb (CLD): 5 µg/L; TNb (ChD): 50 µg/L
- 3–5 min/sample
Analytik Jena
- TC, TIC, TOC, DOC, NPOC, NPOCplus; optional TNb (CLD or ChD); optional POC (particulate organic carbon)
- Catalytic high-temperature combustion up to 950°C (liquids); catalyst-free oxidation up to 1300°C (solids, duo models)
- 0–30,000 mg/L C; TNb: 0–200 mg/L (CLD) or 0–100 mg/L (ChD); Solids: 0–100 wt-%
- 4 µg/L C; TNb (CLD): 5 µg/L; TNb (ChD): 50 µg/L
- 3–5 min/sample
Analytik Jena
- TC, TIC, TOC, DOC, NPOC, NPOCplus; optional solids TC/TOC/TIC (no TNb)
- UV wet chemical digestion (high-power UV reactor, 254 nm and 185 nm wavelengths); optional non-catalytic high-temperature combustion up to 1300°C for solids (HT 1300 module)
- 0–10,000 mg/L C
- 1 µg/L C
- 3–5 min/sample
Analytik Jena
- TOC, NPOC, TC, TIC; optional TNb (chemiluminescence, CLD) for combustion models; multi N/C 2100S pharma: TN only for total protein determination
- pharma UV: UV wet chemical digestion (254 nm + 185 nm, High Power Long Life UV reactor); pharma HT and 3100 pharma: thermocatalytic high-temperature combustion up to 950°C
- pharma UV: 1 µg/L – 10,000 mg/L C; 3100 pharma: 4 µg/L – 30,000 mg/L C; 2100S pharma: 5 µg/L – 200 mg/L TN
- pharma UV: 1 µg/L C (ultra-trace without persulfate); pharma HT: 4 µg/L C; 3100 pharma: 4 µg/L C; 2100S pharma: 5 µg/L TN
- Inquire
Beckman Coulter Life Sciences
- TOC, IC removal (NPOC)
- Precision-controlled UV oxidation
- 1–5,000 ppb (extendable to 100,000 ppb via 20× auto-dilution)
- 1 ppb
- 120 min calibration routine
Hach Company
- TIC, TOC (NPOC), TC, VOC
- Two Stage Advanced Oxidation Technology (UV/chemical)
- 0–25 mg/L C or 0–100 mg/L C (user selectable)
- Inquire
- Inquire
Hach Company
- TIC, TOC (NPOC)
- Two Stage Advanced Oxidation Technology (UV/chemical), EPA method approved
- 0–25 mg/L C
- Inquire
- Inquire
Hach Company
- TIC, TOC (NPOC), TC, VOC
- Two Stage Advanced Oxidation Technology (UV/chemical), self-cleaning reactor
- 0–250 mg/L C (standard); 0–1,000 ppm with extended range option
- Inquire
- Inquire
Hach Company
- TIC, TOC (NPOC), TC, VOC
- Two Stage Advanced Oxidation Technology (UV/chemical)
- 80–5,000 µg/L C
- Inquire
- Inquire
Hach Company
- TOC, TIC, TC, TN, TP, VOC
- Two Stage Advanced Oxidation Technology (UV/chemical)
- 0–25 mg/L to 0–10,000 mg/L (configurable)
- Inquire
- Inquire
Hach Company
- TIC, TOC (NPOC), TC, VOC
- Two Stage Advanced Oxidation Technology (UV/chemical), dairy-specific self-cleaning tubing
- 0–20,000 mg/L C
- Inquire
- Inquire
Hach Company
- TIC, TOC (NPOC), TC, VOC
- Two Stage Advanced Oxidation Technology (UV/chemical), self-cleaning oversized tubing
- 0–10,000 mg/L C
- Inquire
- Inquire
Mettler Toledo
- TOC (portable at-line)
- UV oxidation
- 0.05–1,000 ppbC (µgC/L)
- 0.025 ppbC
- 60 s response time
Mettler Toledo
- TOC (continuous online)
- UV oxidation
- 0.05–2,000 ppbC (µgC/L)
- 0.025 ppbC
- <60 s response time
OI Analytical
- TOC, TC, TIC, NPOC
- Heated sodium persulfate wet oxidation (100°C)
- 10 ppb C – 30,000 ppm C
- 2 ppb C (IDL)
- Inquire
OI Analytical
- TOC, TIC
- Heated sodium persulfate oxidation
- 0–25 ppm (standard); adjustable up to 100 ppm
- 0.015 ppm (15 ppb)
- 5–9 minutes per sample interval
Shimadzu
- Inquire
- 680°C Combustion Catalytic Oxidation
- Inquire
- 0.1 µg/L
- Inquire
Shimadzu
- Inquire
- Wet Oxidation (persulfate + UV)
- Inquire
- 4 µg/L
- Inquire
Endress+Hauser
- TOC (continuous online)
- High-temperature catalytic combustion
- 0.25–600 mg TOC/L (standard); up to 12,000 mg/L with pre-dilution
- Inquire
- Inquire
Endress+Hauser
- TOC (continuous online)
- UV digestion with differential conductivity detection
- 0.5–1,000 µg/L (ppb)
- 0.5 µg/L (ppb)
- t90 = 50 s
Endress+Hauser
- TOC (continuous online)
- UV digestion with differential conductivity detection
- 0.5–1,000 µg/L (ppb)
- Inquire
- t90 = 50 s
LAR Process Analysers
- TC, TOC (TRUE TOC), TIC, COD
- High-temperature combustion (thermal oxidation)
- 0.1–100 mg/L; 2–400 mg/L; 5–2,000 mg/L; 100–15,000 mg/L; 100–50,000 mg/L (automatic ranging)
- Inquire
- 3 minutes
LAR Process Analysers
- TC, TOC (TRUE TOC), NPOC; COD/BOD by correlation
- High-temperature combustion (1,200°C), NDIR detection
- 1–10,000 ppm TOC (further options available)
- Inquire
- TC: < 2 min; TOC: < 3–4 min
LAR Process Analysers
- TC, TOC, TIC, DOC
- High-temperature combustion (catalyst-free, 1,200°C)
- 0.1–20 mg/L; 1–2,000 µg/L
- Inquire
- TC: 1 min; TOC results every 3–5 minutes
LAR Process Analysers
- TOC (continuous, every 2 seconds)
- UV oxidation with differential conductivity detection
- 0.1–1,000 ppb TOC
- 0.5 ppb
- First results within 30 seconds (T90); continuous every 2 seconds
LAR Process Analysers
- TC, TOC (TRUE TOC), TIC
- High-temperature combustion (thermal oxidation)
- 0.1–100 mg/L; 2–400 mg/L; 5–2,000 mg/L; 100–15,000 mg/L; 100–50,000 mg/L (further options available)
- 1 ppb
- 3 minutes
LAR Process Analysers
- TOC, NPOC, DOC, TC, CODsim, BOD (correlation)
- UV persulfate (UV/persulfate)
- 0.1–1,000 mg/L
- Inquire
- Inquire
Skalar Analytical
- TC, IC, TOC, NPOC, POC, DOC; optional TN and NO3+NO2
- High-temperature catalytic combustion
- Low ppb to high ppm
- Inquire
- Inquire
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